Thursday, October 2, 2014

The Nature and Structure of Democracy in India


Due Sunday night at 9:00 p.m.


  1. Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
  2. Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
  3. Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
  4. To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
  5. Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
  6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru. 

18 comments:

  1. William Reis
    IB History 12
    Ms.Noce
    10/3/14

    1. Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    Before 1947, India was under a viceroy ruler from London which pretty much governed India. The Democracy of India started 1947 till 1964, its first prime minister was a well respected powerful man named Jawaharlal Nehru. By the start of the 20th century, India thought that the British ruling India should end and many of the population supported the movement of India becoming an independent country from the British. The first prime Minister, Nehru, he also wanted independence from the British, he wanted India to become a secular single state in which religion would not matter in the region. The challenges that India faced in the “newly independent India” was that when the British handed over the power to the new independent state, they weren't sure to rather give the power to just one or two states. The two states were Pakistan and India and it was on. Both states were fighting for power and neither couldn't come up with a solution. This division of India and Pakistan was called PARTITION, the Hindus on the Indian territory and the Muslims in the Pakistan territory. But at the end of 1947, the government was able to get everything under control between both states because there were various conflicts between India and Pakistan which casualties were caused.

    2. Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    Nehru was India’s first prime minister and the leader of the Congress Party who promoted India becoming a democratic state. Nehru was a part of the left wing in the Congress party, meaning he was on the section were the most of the conservatives revolutionaries were. Nehru had a strong belief in India becoming an independent state where religion wouldn't matter. In 1930, Nehru finally became the president of the Congress and with this being said, the British was forced to accept the new changes under Nehru’s power and that if India wanting to become an independent state it was “inevitable”

    3.Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    (struggled with this question!) Between 1947 and 1964 was the time when Nehru became India’s very first prime minister and the time he passed away. In 1957, a education reform program was organized for India’s future education. With India under Nehru’s power, this is was a somewhat advantage for the Rural class, Nehru wanted to everyone sort of class in India to have some sort of equal rights.



    4.To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
    From my point of view i think the Government under Nehru’s hand was a great opportunity to the majority of the population of India. Nehru’s mindset was to make India a independent democratic and secular state, because two religions, Hindu and Muslims weren't so friendly with each other. That didn't work out so well after the partition of India and Pakistan (Hindus and Muslims), I think it was to that extent that Nehru’s government created a greater equality in India’s society.

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  2. 5.Explain how political extremism and communism posed threats to democracy in India.
    In the packet that I read, Communalism means: “A belief in promoting the interests of one ethnic, religious or cultural group rather than those of society as a whole” This is a whole opposite of what Nehru wanted! Communists wanted to promote just one single religion, meanwhile Nehru wanted to promote India in a secular form where religion wouldn't matter, and communists were strongly against this, which opposed a threat to India.

    6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    Nehru was a significant piece India’s independence movement. He wanted to make India advance in economic evolution which he strongly worked for, what motivated him to make India a better leaving place for the population. With this being said, he attracted all sorts of people from India to support him in his movement, meanwhile, from my perspective I think he failed to stop a congress leader named Subhas Chandra Bose in which he constructed an national army (INA, which stands for India National Army). Bose disagreed with Nehru’s perspective on India’s future.



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  3. William Portorreal
    IB History
    Ms. Noce

    1. The government under newly independent India had to deal with the widespread of violence and millions of people migrating because of the partition. About a million of people died in the border because of the huge migration that tried to occur because people thought the partition would make the country weaker because of the split of India from Pakistan.

    2. Nehru’s government was very successful in creating a secular, democratic republic in India because all the citizens were free to practice whatever religion they wanted to. Also Nehru saw communalism a threat to democracy and national unity resulting in equal respect for all religions and equal opportunities for all citizens. Nehru achieved making the constitution secular, which was his goal for India.

    3. The education was a secular system so it meant that education was for everyone one. Also India was under a secular constitution which gave every citizen equal opportunities as everyone else.

    4. Nehru’s government created a greater equality in Indian society because of the constitution that was made. The constitution was 100 percent secular which meant that “there was to be no state religion, a complete separation of religion and state, a secular school system, an no taxes to support any religion.” This gave citizens freedom of religion and it also meant that any citizen could hold public office. There were many different types of languages spoken including English because the constitution was secular.

    5. Political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India because communalism and democracy are the opposite of each other. Nehru was very committed to secularism and he respected everyone belief which is why communalism and political extremism posed a threat.

    6. The constitution gave India a strong central government and a great federal structure. The government was also completely secular just like Nehru wanted it and it created diversity in India because of it. The education was a failure because it was not reformed and it didn’t reach the majority of the people. Nehru also failed to stop the huge amount of violence and also land reform was another problem which he failed to make better.
    Source: the packet

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  4. Germairy Roman
    Ms. Noce
    IB History 12
    10/5/14

    1. Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    When the partition in India happened, millions of people wanted to flee to their border. Muslims and Hindus would find themselves on the wrong side of the border and they tried to quickly get to safety. The Muslims and the Hindus had their own states but the Sikhs didn't. The Sikhs were in Punjab and their plea to have their own state was ignored. They feared their community would be split into two separate states. The mixing of all the different communities created violent riots and many people died.

    2. Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    Nehru was successful in making India's constitution secular. There was no state religion, a complete separation of religion and state, a secular school system, and no taxes to support any religion. Everybody in India was to be treated equally and any citizen was eligible to run for office. Nehru wanted religion to be private for individuals and wanted equal respect to be shown for all religions.

    3. Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    The Indian government was successful in separating religion from health and education. They treated every citizen equally which was a success. The different religious groups (Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs) struggled to get to their border safely which was one of the failures.

    4. To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
    Nehru's government was able to create greater equality in Indian society by encouraging secularism. He wanted all religions to be treated equally and separate religion from education, the state, and politics.

    5. Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
    Political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India because it cause violence. Communalism is the belief that the interests of one group (ethnic, religious, cultural) were held higher rather than those of a society as a whole. During the migration of Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs, there were riots and violent acts which were caused by communal groups. The constant violence was not going to create a democracy in India.

    6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    I believe that Nehru had more success than failures. His biggest success was creating a secular constitution and creating equality between citizens in India. Nehru was also India's first prime minister which is a huge success. Nehru was unable to prevent the communal attacks when the religious groups were migrating which killed about a million people. Also Nehru helping India form a constitution was a giant success.

    Work Cited - India packet

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  5. Erick Volquez
    IB History 12
    Ms. Noce
    The Nature and Structure of Democracy in India

    1. After India received independence in 1947, India celebrated because they didn’t want to be under the power of Great Britain and also, to share land with the Muslims since there were conflicts between them due to social and religious differences. The Government that came in India thought that a fast paced government would improve the country but it led them to such an unbalance government that India began to suffer far worse than when it was under Great Britain. I believe that these people of course were under pressure and maybe said to themselves! “We will be okay! We will take over India and take care everyone we don’t want the British!” but the real truth is that Britain gave a lot to India; they just had a harder way to manipulate things. The Industrialization was taking it’s course but was stopped by the struggle. Economically, the only way of “natural resources” that gave India a fighting chance was agriculture but as the river of Narmada (a river dividing Pakistan and India at the time) began to have a drought; India was soon faced into being recognized as a non-developed country. The government couldn’t control the rebels who were tired of this poverty; they had a lot of struggles regarding the control of violence which of course, no control means unstable government.
    2. When India was under Nehru’s ruling, his team and the government started to attempt to strive to develop India fast by bringing the idea of industrialization. Certain reforms were past immediately to try to stop any chaos since they knew that basically they were taking baby steps into making this government stable like for example, having those who had many acres of land to share and try to minimize the ownership but this was a failed attempt. The Hindus that were rich or had a high status didn’t agree with this and were very upset at Nehru and the laws that were being passed. Besides these negative things that were happening in the country, the agricultural aspect of India was waiting to be recognized. In 1960, the green revolution happened and agricultural colleges where made which raised the country to a sustain peak but the country was soon bound to hit a crash and be labeled as a non developed country.

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  6. 3. When it came to governmental development in India, the government did a good job maintaining itself for a while but when it came to health, education and rural development policies; the government really slacked. For the last two questions I’ve answered I keep stating that “…India was labeled as a non developed country…” The reason why I stated this was because of the policies that the government failed. Health policies were very unfair. Nehru wanted to make sure that everyone had some type of way to receive health care at low cost or at least no cost to those who were poor but this didn’t happen because having all these cares for people that were not paying let the government to lose money and put the economy down. Nehru was very sad because those who only received first aid were those with wealth which socially makes sense but it was unfair because everyone should be able to get treated; no sick left behind. Education was another problem. When Britain was in domain of India, they choose few to actually have an education which was very unfair because everyone deserved to have an education. When Nehru was in power, he tried to establish a campaign to promote education but even if people wanted and where exited to hear this, money was such a problem. India was 90%+ undeveloped areas that were mostly farms. Nehru wanted to see the country develop and be recognized not only because it’s the biggest democracy in the world but somehow show that they could actually continue to strive to have a wealthier country. All of these policies couldn’t be done for the reason of money; which was an issue attacking greatly in India.
    4. Nehru’s government created greater quality in the Indian society mostly after his death really. Nehru pushed for the country to strive to develop it so that they could actually have something of wealth and be recognized globally. After Nehru died, the country began to recognize his efforts and really made the extra push to accomplish some type of education involvement, health policies became more known through those who needed it and the rural development became known and as soon as it was launched, tall buildings and modern cities became known.

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  7. 5. Political extremism tried to play a bigger role then the government that was in charge in India. Communist groups also were a threat and wanted to over show themselves because they didn’t agree with the Democracy. Extremist groups really focused on having Muslims against Hindus while at the same time the communist made themselves in by causing strikes so that those who weren’t receiving help from the Democracy but still believe in them to stop for the simple fact of having them replace the way this governmental rule was running. Some threats besides strikes included extreme gun fire, explosives, and sometimes even deaths.
    6. Nehru was a figure of a strong independent movement for the Greater of India. I could give him credit for trying to develop policies and announce that he wanted to move to promote Education and Health aid; even rural areas. Above all the threats and actual occurrences, he still managed to leave a legacy that others who stayed alive continued to create. These were some of the successes that gave a path to India having a way to become wealthy but some of these successes also included having the Green revolution which was agricultural movement and rural movements to have the greater cities be more modern. The only failures that I would attribute this man is simply that he could have done better in controlling the threats that came across India by the communist groups and extremist groups that didn’t only affect the government but it affected the people because the people where the ones that gave Democracy support; for equality, power, development; simply for India.

    WORK CITED:
    . India Packet
    ..http://www.countriesquest.com/asia/india/history/india_after_independence/india_under_nehru.htm

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  8. Victor Harris
    Ms.Noce
    I.B History 12
    October 5,2014

    Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    -One problem that the newly formed India faced was religous problem, which lead to problems down the way because one another couldn't get along. Also population's growth especially in Pakistan starting to grow. Mass migration East Punjab had 60%,35% in Sikh which made it to crowded. Also in a good way, India getting there independence also went to partition in order to get land which is the term Balkanisation, but this made it hostel.

    Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    -Nerhru's government you can was the heart of India. Nehru was the first prime minster of India and immediately wanted a change. He wanted India to be independent and wanted it to be democratic as well. He and the government didn't want a higher power taking advantage of India. So in his time in the government he also became president and pressed for equality in religion, so that there wouldn't be riots and chaos.

    Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    -In 1947 that's when the leadership of Nehru became into play, before this happened it was roled by London. But down the line with Nehru the government started to get better. Nehru wanted India to be independent and get away from Britain, also make religion not such a impacting choice like other countries. Impact that they faced was the partition because states started to split. This stoped in 1947 because of the lives lost.

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  9. To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
    -I would say to a good extent because of communalism. With this he fought to keep the peace that others didn't want. With this you can keep everyone stable because religion was the big picture in of all this. If Nehru fighting and the government being hard on this. Being equal I can say will make everything equal because no one is worried about being better than one another.

    Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
    -Communalism is a group that only wanted one religion and race in area. This was bad for India because this lead to tensions rising; this group in a way wanted to take control of India. This group also promoted violence which means lead to killing. Politcal extremism was basically what the communalism did by causing conflict and haveing on goal which is to change everything how they want.

    Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    -Major success I can say for the government under Nehru is that he wanted a better living place. He wanted peace no more killing or war;everybody to be equel and not worry about your race or religion. Also proctecting India fron Communalism which would of affected India as a whole because they only wanted one race and group; this is where Nehru fought against. The only failure I could say is against the partition, because people did die in this fued over land.

    Work Cited
    Democratic state packet

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  10. 1. Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    - From 1947 to 1964, Indians democratic structure was shaped and formed from by the first prime minister. His name was Jawaharlal Nehru. Some problems they had were that British rule was still around and people (educated Indians) felt as if the British rule should have come to an end. They did this by forming a nationalist organization that went against the British rule, the British tried to stop them by passing harsh laws but failed due to all the support the nationalist were getting.
    2. Assess the achievements of Nehru’s government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    - One of Nehru’s achievements could be bringing India a constitution after it got its independence from the British therefor making it a democratic republic state. The rights listed in the constitution could be see as giving the people freedom of the press and association, that could be looked at as and achievement to under the rule of Nehru. Nehru was able to pass a reform that abolished giant landholdings. So Nehru’s efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic for India was successful.
    3. Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    - The government was successful in separating health and education from religion which was a good thing considering the fact that Nehru wanted a secular state. The failure in this was how each religion handled their border situation. Meaning some stuff lead to violence when it could have been handled very differently.
    4. To what extent did Nehru’s government create greater equality in Indian society?
    - The constitution helped out the equality between everyone by helping India give their citizens freedom and helping it become secular and a Republic democracy. Such an action separating the religion and state helped bring more equality to the people as well as having a secular school system and not taxing the people to support religious funding.
    5. Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
    - Both political extremism and communalism posed threats to the democracy because they are in fact very opposite from each other. Nehru was very open to ideas so that’s how it posed a threat. Communalism was said to be a belief in promoting the interest of religious and cultural groups, and Nehru wanted a secular republic state of India which, you can see poses a threat to what he wants for his country.
    6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    - Nehru after independence was able to bring India and their government a constitution. Nehru was able to help India become a Republic state, which can be seen as a success to his rule of India. He successfully passed a reform abolishing giant landholdings. Along with the many great achievements while Nehru was leader of India, like how he made India a secular republic.
    - Nehru has attempted to redistribute land by placing limits on landownership had failed. Education had become a fail in India under Nehru’s control due to the fact not everyone was receiving it. A large amount of violent outbreaks occurred while Nehru had control of India so he was failing to stop that as a leader.
    Work cited:
    http://www.countriesquest.com/asia/india/history/india_after_independence/india_under_nehru.htm
    Indian packet

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  12. 1. Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    The biggest challenge that the Indian government faced after they got their independence was having peace between the Muslims and the Hindus. Another challenge that the Indian government was getting India back on track after the assassination of their leader Mahatma Gandhi. One last challenge that the Indian government was facing was diseases and living poverty.
    2. Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    Nehru was very determined to establish independence in India. By doing so by making India a secular and democratic republic he spent a total of 9 years in jail because he kept breaking the laws to get what he wanted. An achievement that Nehru made from establishing the secular and democratic republic was gaining its independence on January 26.
    3. Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    Nehru failed extremely when it came to the education. Before he came into power, the people of India were illiterate. He had open many organizations to help the people with their illiteratcy. However, he still manage to fail to help them. Nehru failed to a high extent. His plans for the health care was to have it at a low cost. However, this failed because when having health care at low cost the government would have to pay for the rest. There for causing India with a low economy.
    4.To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
    In my opinion I think that Nehru was very successful in creating a greater equality in Indian society. My only reason why I say this is because Nehru's goal was to make India independent and he accomplished it . For me, it doesn't matter if he made a few mistakes during this process. All that matters was that he accomplished India getting their independence.
    5.Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
    Communlism posed threats to democracy in India because Nehru wanted India to run under a secular. He didn't want any type of religion to run India. He wanted the people of India, as a whole, to make the decisions the needed to be made in India. Communalism only allowed one religion to make the decisions.
    6.Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    Some of the failures of the government of India under Nehru's control was the illiteracy level was still extremely high. He had formed many organizations to increase the literacy level. However, even with that he failed. Another failure was "the gap between the rich and the poor increased." Some of the successes that occurred while Indian was under Nehrus control was creating a criminal act against the discrimination of "untouchables. Another succes was Nehru changed the statues of women in India.

    Wokprk cited
    "Democratic states" by Jean Bottaro and John Stanley

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  14. Dinia Clairveaux
    Ms.Noce
    IB History 12
    10/5/14
    The Nature and Structure of Democracy in India
    1.Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    The challenges facing the government of the newly independent India would be the migration of civilians due to partition of Punjab In the west and Bengal in the east these two provinces contains many mix population and they were to the divide between India and Pakistan. Andto make it worst for the people the new borderlines were announced a few days after In gain its independence. This event cause confusion leading to many Hindus and Muslims ending up on the wrong side. And the Sikhs demanding their own state which was totally ignored.
    2. Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    Nehru was the type of man that believe that politics, and religion should not be mixed. And so he managed to create a secular constitution, which meant that there was no state religion, that religion and state were completely divided. He also created a secular school system and made it law that there was no taxes to support any religion.
    3.Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    The Indian government was successful in dividing up its different religious groups the Muslims Hindus and the Sikhs. It was also successful in creating a secular constitution and economy.They also managed to treat each of the different religious groups equally. The failures of the Indian government would be the partition of 1947 and the failures to control the conflicts that took place between the different religious groups. But when it came to health it always depended on whether you were affluent or not. It was the civilians that had money were getting treated during sickness and the poor did not.
    4.To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
    Nehru did this by creating the secular constitution and promoting it and also separating religion because he belive it was a private practice from education and politics.
    5.Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
    They posed a threat to India because they were causing conflicts within the states and within the religious groups. Because some of the religious groups promoted communalism which was the belief that the interests of one group (ethnic, religious, cultural) were held higher rather than those of a society as a whole, which created tension which other groups. Especially in the early years when India first gain its independence.
    6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    Nehru was successful in dividing up its different religious groups the Muslims Hindus and the Sikhs. It was also successful in creating a secular constitution and economy. The failures of the Indian government would be the partition of 1947 and the failures to control the conflicts that took place between the different religious groups.
    Sources: The Nature and Structure of Democracy in India packet

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  15. 1. Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    After independence, India faced one of the greatest migrations in recent years. Millions of Hindus and Muslims were stranded in the “wrong side of the border” between India and Pakistan, thanks to the hurriedly drafted borders, and were scrambling to get to their “right” country. In the process, violence against both sides of the migratory river occurred. Moreover, after independence, many smaller political and even terrorist groups appeared through India. Some groups were openly anti-Muslim, such as the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, and even carried out attacks against Muslims in India. Others demanded the establishment of communal states, such as the Punjabi and Sikh people.
    2. Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    Nehru’s first task when in government was to industrialize India, a difficult task considering there were powerful upper-caste landowners who would refuse to let the government use their lands. Moreover, given how India had such a marked caste system, upper class (or caste) Hindus were unhappy with some of Nehru’s more egalitarian, left-wing ideas and goals. Furthermore, fanatical Hindu movements emerged around India and prevented Nehru from promoting secularism in India. Nehru succeeded in establishing a democratic India through his efforts with the Nationalist movement and the Congress party, but breaking the barrier of religion for a secular state was a very tough task which he could not accomplish.
    3. Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    India during the 1947-64 (and even today) was (and is) a developing country, which hasn’t attained an economy of the likes of the United States to sustain proper healthcare, public education, and rural development policies and programs. During that period, India’s main goal was to rise economically before it could effectively grant said benefits to the population. In this respect, the government did not have much of a success; instead it slacked in the aforementioned departments. Furthermore, India has an enormous population, which makes the task of providing those services to the population even harder!
    4. To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
    I believe Nehru’s vision of an equal, secular India is an almost impossible dream. Indian societal beliefs and systems are millenary, being deeply rooted in Hindu culture and religion. The Indian caste system dictates that one who is born in a caste can not change his or her caste, and must marry within his or her caste or an inferior one. This system has Hindu religious roots which make the task of changing or challenging it a huge pain. At the very least, he provided much more of the population of India with a right to vote and be politically active.

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  16. 5. Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
    Political extremists and communalists posed a threat to Nehru’s vision in that they preach the exact opposite of what he intended India to be! Communalists as well as political/ religious extremists promoted conflict among ethnic groups (opposite of secularism) and threatened the political stability of India.
    6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    Nehru’s greatest success was that of establishing the world’s largest democracy and granting the right, and ability to vote to the vast majority of the country. He effectively industrialized India. Despite this, he failed to establish a secular and egalitarian India. Fanatical political and religious groups kept causing conflict amongst ethnic groups, further dividing them and creating resentment. The millenary caste system could not be adjusted or challenged without opposition, thus equality in India has not been achieved to date.
    SOURCES:
    Indian Democracy Packet

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  17. Mu Ying Yu
    IB World History 12
    Ms. Noce
    October 5, 2015

    The Nature and Structure of Democracy in India
    1.Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    -- The challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947 was peace between the Muslims and the Hindus. These two group of people found themselves on the wrong side border, they tried be quickly back to their own border and safe. The Sikh did not have their own states. Due to the different communities created violent disturbance and lead many other conflicts.
    2.Assess the achievements of Nehru’s government in its effort to establish a secular, democratic republic in India.
    -- Nehru, leader of the Indian National Congress and heir of Gandhi. He served as India’s first prime minister. Under Nehru’s ruling, the country develop very fast. Every citizen treated equally and everyone qualified to run for office. There was complete separation between religion and state, have a secular school system and there is no taxes needed to support religion. He wanted every citizen be equal respect to each other.
    3.Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    -- One of the failure was the different religious group still had border conflicts between each other. Other than these failure, the others are successful. Health, education and rural development policies had completely separate from religion.
    4. To what extent did Nehru’s government create greater equality in Indian society?
    -- Nehru’s government was very successful in creating a greater equality in Indian society. He accomplish his goals, it help gain India’s independent and help India to develop better to become a more stronger country.
    5.Explain how political extremism and communism posed threats to democracy in India.
    -- Political extremism and communism posed threats to democracy in India. Communism is interest in one group (ethnic, religious, cultural) were held higher rather than those of a society as a whole. Nehru wanted India to run under a secular system, there shouldn’t be any type of religious to run India. But the three religious group Muslim, Hindus and Sikhs are the root of violence were caused by communal groups.
    6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    -- I think Nehru had more success over failures. He accomplish the India’s independent. His biggest success was the secular constitution and equality between the Indian citizens. He also form India constitution.

    Work Cited:
    -- India packet

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  18. Junior FanFan
    Ms. Noce
    IB History
    October 5 2014

    1.Analyze the challenges facing the government of newly independent India in 1947.
    India received independence from Great Britain in 1947 and they celebrated because they wasn't under the power of Britain anymore. when the new government came into place India was worse then they was when they was under Great Britain's control. The river Narmada that was dividing Pakistan and India and that gave them a little hope. The rebels were not able to be controlled by the government.
    2. Assess the achievements of Nehru's government in its efforts to establish a secular, democratic republic in India
    Nehru was very successful leader in the efforts of establish a secular, democratic republic in India because there was no religion in state, also there was a school system and no taxes. people in India was all treated equally and anybody was able to run for office as long as they are citizens.
    3. Analyze the successes and failures of the health, education and rural development policies of the Indian government between 1947 and 1964.
    a reform program for education was formed after Nehru died. this was very good for the rural class that wasn't able to pay for school. this was one of the things Nehru meant when he said everyone should be equal.
    4. To what extent did Nehru's government create greater equality in Indian society?
    Nehru was able to create a greater equality with his government because the religion was equal everybody was able to practice their own religion and not be judge while doing it. He also separated education, politics. and the state.
    5.Explain how political extremism and communalism posed threats to democracy in India.
    Communalism is the state were people try to force one specific religion on people and brainwash them into believing that its the best and only religion to follow by. This group was trying to take over India low key. Political Extremism and Commualism are two very different things and caused many threats to India.
    6. Evaluate the successes and failures of the government of India under Nehru.
    Nehru didn't really have failures he had more successes. He was very successful when creating a secular constitution and making everyone have equal rights. Nehru only failure was not being able to control the religious groups that were attacking the citizens.
    work cited
    India Packet

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