Due Tuesday, Fevbruary 17th at 9:00 p.m.
2) Assess the impact of Cold War developments one TWO non-European new states.
3. "The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the Unitrd Nations." To what extent do you agree with this assertion?
4. To what extent were Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
5. In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
6. Identify and explain the significance of TWO of the following in the development of the Cold War: COMECON; Marshall Plan; NATO; Warsaw Pact.
7. Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on TWO countries each chosen from a different region.
8. Analyse the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War.
Erick Volquez
ReplyDeleteIB History 12
Ms. Noce
The Cold War
1. Although there is not a clear definition of the term New State, there is a historical definition which might be closest to the right one. One definition is found of new state is when a specific piece of land joins a new confederation of other states or part of a great organization. In The United States of America is when this definition could be formally presented. The United States was first formed by the 13 original states which as time passed more kept adding; this was a union that was starting to unify which would come to conclude as what we know as today The United States of America. Another example which is more global is what we know as the UN (United Nations) when the U.S.A is one of the strongest nations and composes a unity of most nations around the world to discuss any situation that comes up and find a resolution whether is as major as a threat or even an economic problem; they could come together to solve it.
2. The Cold War was a war which was principally manipulated so that whoever had a control would dominate international affairs and the main image that is represented as the war between U.S.A and the USSR (Soviet Union). The United States was a supplier of weapons and a supporter for the regime of Batista in Cuba. The poor was becoming more poor and it was starting to become obvious that the money that was coming into Cuba was not being distributed correctly among Cubans. A small group of rebels came against Batista’s regime but failed. Months later, Fidel Castro formed a bigger group of rebels and succeeded in overthrowing Batista. As Castro was in power; the USSR was secretly working with him to implant dangerous weapons that pointed towards U.S.A territory. This was something that immediately came in notification to President Kennedy and gave him time to logically think some things to do so that the USSR wouldn’t affect the U.S.A. If he decided to ignore the missiles, this would have been political suicide and the USSR would have mistaken this as a weakness and taken advantage of the U.S.A. Kenny sent a group of agents to investigate if this was true but as they found out that it was the USSR backed away and made sure to create an agreement as their secret was not a secret no more. The cold war made a huge impact to Cuba. This was a terrible mistake for Cuba as the United States placed an embargo and goods or any form of trade was not permitted in the United States. The USSR made sure that the U.S.A would not hurt Cuba for their actions but this did affect in great matter Cuba and putting them in a bad spot economically wise
3. “The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United Nations.” Is an assertion that I can agree with. The United Nations is a replacement of the ineffective League of Nations which had a difficult way of dealing with the Cold War. From starters, the United Nations was not recreated to form as a court to decree which country is right or wrong but more of keeping neutrality among them to find peace. The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping in the United Nations during the Cold war was because the UN had to deal with two of the most powerful countries in the world; the United States and USSR (Russia). There couldn’t be a resolution because the United States was the victorious country that led the victory in WWII but also the USSR was a major supplier of many artifacts and good, had a stable economy as Stalin proclaimed to have a major increase and bring the country under an Industrial revolution. Now the UN tried to find ways such as finding a fair agreement between Nationalism and Communism but Americans simple hated Communism and the Communist seem Nationalism and a capitalist economy as a waste of time and idiotic. The UN could not conclude a peacekeeping as both nations were and still till today hold a great symbol and impact to the world. Having the UN make a drastic decision like discarding one nation would have caused a greater war a Hot War instead of a cold one.
ReplyDelete4. Stalin, Leader of the Soviet Union at the time wanted to build this empire without giving the slightest clue on any of their plans to the United States but this was impossible. The Soviet Policies that wanted to take land like Turkey and Iran but without any supervision or authorities which had these countries start riots and pushed the Soviet Union away. The Soviets were starting to have Allies in the fronts of their territory but the United States had many allies as well and starting to have a better grip of what was going on. These policies were responsible because it set an alert to those who were not allies with the USSR like the United States to have issues. Bringing in a word to your people saying that a piece of land belongs to you without really having much authorization and just to proof to the U.S.A they had more land was meaningless. Although it was meaningless, the U.S.A did put them in alert and not only was the USSR known as a threat but considered the Devil’s work itself too many Americans. This began to develop tension between many countries that were behind their allies the U.S.A or the USSR; these countries respected the views of what we can surely say their leaders since the Cold War is known to be a long political battle between these nations. Event the United Nations recognized that there was so much that couldn’t be done as they were dealing with two of the most powerful countries in the organization and in the world; two opposing views which were nationalism (democrat/republican state) and Communism which led to the Cold War.
5. The Middle East (at the time) was known to be a land of rich soil and great crops including trades as far as early civilizations. This was taken into consideration by both he United States but not acted as they had not build any interest of what we later know to be Oil. The Soviet Union was seeking to dominate Part of Europe and also most of Asia but when coming down to the Middle East was were things got a bit difficult for them. The Soviet Union had already the big Double-continent known as Russia and Eurocentric countries. The Soviet Union Under Stalin felt the need to have and build a greater empire so that they could produce a massive image and show the west what they were dealing with. From the Middle East, Stalin targeted Turkey and Iran as both of them had already a form of establish government; but did not seize to obtain it. These lands along with Kazakhstan were proclaimed to be part of the Soviet but as they found out, this set an Alarm to the western countries that were Allied with the United States. Iran kept neutral and had no intention in dealing with any of these countries but Turkey did join the Allies of the United States and that could be known as the timer of the Cold War ticking to begin. The Middle East is important and plays a huge role in the Cold War because it gave the real face of the USSR and plans over to the United States along with the Misiles crisis in Cuba, which was another of many reasons with what started the War. The USSR just wanted to prove themselves greater than the United States which started as a dream for Stalin but then as the Cold war continued, it became a nightmare for the USSR as years after trying to conquer land in the middle east, the Soviet Union collapsed.
ReplyDelete6. The Marshall Plan was a plan which was initiated by the United States of America to aid Europe and support the rebuilding of the economic structure after the end of WWII. The United States gave Europe around $16 Billion dollars to make these repairs which greatly affected the way the Cold War process. We can firmly stand and believe that if it was not for the United States helping out, things would have been really bad in Europe so all of these countries that went against the U.S.A during the cold war (Russia/USSR) all had a benefit in this Marshall Plan. They had a form of lift into what they were doing, like Russia getting money to rebuild itself or Germany; even when being divided by the Berlin wall, they received aid and went against the United States. Another event that led to the development of the Cold War was the signature of The Warsaw Pact. The Warsaw pact otherwise known as the Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, mutual assistance and even War Pac NATO; was a treaty sign among eight countries that served under communism idealism that were in central and eastern Europe during the Cold War. This pact made it more secure for these countries to continue to work together to secure that Communism was being portrayed and known through Europe and common enemy as the United States of America. This led to the Cold war and persisted threw it as an act of Union which then fell as the war had ended in 1990.
7. The Cold War Left many scars in the world, including those countries that were under the USSR Dominations and those outside as well. After the Down fall for the Soviet Union and the End of the Cold War, Eastern European countries went under an era of economic growth and most of them seek to change their governments into liberal democracies which still stand till today. While this was blossoming, In Asia Afghanistan seek independence from any USSR embodiedment and even after the war they persuaded to continue to fight for their countries independence but as the USSR fell, Afghanistan also had a failure and had a break down in economy. The only common similarity and comparison between countries from the European Region and the Middle Eastern region of the USSR was that they were under a power which seemed so enormous, no one but the United States predicted its downfall. This similarity played a huge rule in how they were perceived as one unity and strong hold around the world which was frightening. A different between these regions were the outcomes. In Europe, these countries seek to improve themselves and immediately seek for help as they knew that it was going to be hard to find independence by force and then survive without having this huge wealthy government give them the support. Afghanistan was just so desperate to seek independence that Independence came along with all the downfall of the USSR and things began to look tough on this country. Afghanistan suffered economically which impacted many citizens of this country and the form of a strong new government that could have sustained them and pursue to become a developed country.
ReplyDelete8. During the late 1980’s entering the early 1900’s, the FRG (Federal Republic of Germany/ West Germany) and GDR (German Democratic Republic/East Germany) where divided by the Berlin wall which was put to separate the powers of Germany after WWII and during the Cold War as Part of Germany was in Alliance with the Soviet Union and the other part was in alliance with the Allies of the United States. During this time (1900’s) the Berlin Wall came down which had these borders open having an election of communist regimes to begin to disappear all across Eastern Europe. The Soviet Union a year after dissolved and the Cold War came to an end.
WORK CITED:
"The Cold War - an Overview." HubPages. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
"The Cuban Missile Crisis." The Cuban Missile Crisis. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. .
"Effects of the Cold War." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
"The End of the Cold War." The End of the Cold War. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. .
"A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (The New Cold War History) | Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective." A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (The New Cold War History) | Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
"Marshall Plan." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
"What Was the Cold War?" What Was the Cold War? Web. 11 Feb. 2015. .
"Warsaw Pact." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
1) What is a "new state?"
ReplyDeletePerhaps, what a “new state” could be interpreted as is a state that recently becomes a part of a Union. For example, Poland becoming a part of the Soviet Union after WW2. However I am not exactly sure. It could also mean a New State emerging, such as the emerging Balkan states.
2) Assess the impact of Cold War developments one TWO non-European new states.
3. "The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United Nations." To what extent do you agree with this assertion?
I agree with such statement, given the large tensions caused by the Cold War, Europe became divided and peacekeeping while under the watchful eye of the USSR was extremely difficult. Peacekeeping policies had to be extremely carefully worded and planned, as the USSR could attack at any moment if provoked. The USSR’s constant intervention in other states (such as Czechoslovakia and Iran for example) proved to be challenging for the United Nations given the delicacy with which matters had to be handled and the threat of war.
4. To what extent were Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
Soviet policies were in great part responsible for the outbreak of the Cold War. Soviet policy sought to spread Stalinism across Eastern Europe, it also encouraged distrust of the West, this distrust supposedly justified their repressiveness towards citizens. These attitudes alarmed the remaining Western power, the USA. George F. Kennan’s (U.S. ambassador in Moscow) “Long Telegram” helped further confirm the USA’s fears about the Soviets’ attitude. Soviet policy of secrecy (The “Iron Curtain”) solidified distrust from the West, especially regarding Soviet nuclear and military developments.
5. In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
Iran, for example, was important in the Cold War in that it created further tensions between the USSR, and the international community along with the United States in 1946. The USSR did not follow post-WW2 agreements and did not withdraw troops from Northern Iran. Furthermore, aligning with the Soviet policy of spreading Stalinism, the Soviet government encouraged Communist groups to overthrow Iran’s government, further aggregating to the growing tensions between the USSR and the West.
As a result of this, the American Truman doctrine was created, which established that since there was no western power protecting Greece, Turkey, and Iran, it was up to the USA to protect them from the Soviets. This is an example of how the Middle East shaped USA foreign policy
6. Identify and explain the significance of TWO of the following in the development of the Cold War: COMECON; Marshall Plan; NATO; Warsaw Pact.
ReplyDeleteThe Marshall Plan of 1947-8 polarized Western and Eastern Europe to a greater degree, arguably more significant than the COMECON. The Marshall Plan was an economic aid program for Western European countries with the intent of re-stabilizing the economy of Western Europe and safeguarding peace in these states. The Soviets despised this in that they perceived it as Imperialist; the plan made aided states more dependent on the USA and eventually would become controlled by the Americans as well. This further divided Eastern and Western Europe, this time in terms of economic reliance.
The NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was an organization made for the purpose of keeping Soviet expansion and possible military action under control. The creation of this organization in 1955 showed the Soviets that the West was prepared to retaliate if they stepped out of the line, and in turn created even more tensions, especially when the NATO took on a more militaristic tone afterwards so as to further deter the USSR from any sorts of attack against Western alliance nations.
7. Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on TWO countries each chosen from a different region.
In both Afghanistan and Czechoslovakia, the Soviet’s pro-Stalinist policies led to Communist uprisings in both of these countries, both supported by the Soviets themselves with troops and Muscovite politicians. However, Soviet invasion of Afghanistan resulted in a prolonged guerrilla war, while Czechoslovakia ended with occupation, no war involved. In both countries, the occupation or war affected the country’s economy by leaving it stagnant. Afghanistan relied on Soviet support and Czechoslovakia’s Communist government halted the Liberalist reforms being put in effect by the previous government.
8. Analyse the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War.
The main factor which led to the end of the Cold War was the Soviet Union’s weakening through economic stress and political instability resulting from the failures of their policies. Arguably, the Afghan War proved the most challenging and expensive for the Soviets, draining their military and economy. As the Soviet Union crumbled, their capacity to keep up with the arms race and the technological advancement of the Capitalist world dwindled. Eventually the Soviet Union dissolved after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of a divided Germany.
SAUCES:
“What was the Cold War?” IB Packet.
Reich, Bernard, Prof. "Foreign Military Studies Office Publications - THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET UNION IN THE MIDDLE EAST."Foreign Military Studies Office Publications - THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET UNION IN THE MIDDLE EAST. Westview Press-1994, n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2015. http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/ussovme.htm
"Formation of NATO and Warsaw Pact." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/formation-of-nato-and-warsaw-pact
Gordon, Daniel L. "The Czechoslovakia Uprising." Cold War Museum. Cold War Museum, n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2015. http://www.coldwar.org/articles/60s/CzechoslovakiaUprising.asp
"The Cold War Museum." Cold War Museum. The Cold War Museum, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2015. http://www.coldwar.org/articles/70s/afghan_war.asp
William Reis
ReplyDeleteIB History
Ms.Noce
2/17/2015
1) What is a "new state?"
- After reading the “What Was the Cold War?” packet, I can assure you that the New States are the countries who were forced to become a country under the Communism regime under the Salami Tactics which was used by Stalin/Moscow. The ‘new states’ are: Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Albania and of course the Soviet Union. After all united there were countries under the Warsaw Pact, which were the East/Communists, against the West/Marshall Plan.
2) Assess the impact of Cold War developments one TWO non-European new states.
3. "The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United Nations." To what extent do you agree with this assertion?
- After World War II, America and Russia were the worlds most powerful countries, they both governed the countries in different ways. On one side, America was running on Capitalism and Democracy, meanwhile, Russia was running on Communism and Authoritarianism. I agree with this statement to the point where America truly underestimated Russia, they thought that Russia would take longer time to build an atomic bomb. United States was scared that Communism would take over United States, this is when I think that having an atomic bomb.
4. To what extent were Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
- When World War II ended the whole world saw the Soviet Union and the communist as enemies. Because they were destroying a country where peace is far away. The Soviets were trying to gain world wide domination, they started off by creating a very strict foreign policy towards the United States. But according to recent studies, it was the Truman’s administration (33rd President of the U.S.) that set a foreign policy against the Soviet Union, it is believed that Truman really ruined the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union since he had no experience in working with other countries. The policy that United States set for the Soviets was a strict one in terms of Atomic bomb, United States believed that it would take the Soviets just over 20 years to create a Atomic Bomb, but guess what? It only took the 4 years when the first Atomic bomb was tested 1949, U.S. commanders were extremely shocked.
5. In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
- Middle East as we know, is famous for its insane production of oil worldwide and even thought they were somewhat neutral to the Cold War they were many countries target. That region is important because of the oil. Oil is the best thing a country can invest in to enrich its economy. In 1946 the oil region was open, accessible for anyone.
6. Identify and explain the significance of TWO of the following in the development of the Cold War: COMECON; Marshall Plan; NATO; Warsaw Pact.
ReplyDelete- Marshall Plan: When World War II was over, but Europe remained vulnerable for the expansion of the Communism as a form of exploitation. This is when America came in by creating a program to build up Europe again. Congress passed the Marshall Plan act, and they raised over 10 billion of dollars to help build a new Western Europe. This plan was both good for the Industrialization in Europe, trading, investments and introduction to American goods in Europe. This plan was created by George C. Marshal and he was the only general in America to receive a Nobel Peace prize for his underrated act.
- Warsaw Pact: This pact focused a lot towards Communism in Russia and its members of states. Pretty much, the plan as to protect the following communist countries: “Soviet Union, Albania, Poland, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Bulgaria”(History.com). The pact stated that any countrie tried to attack any of these states that a military under the commander Marshal Ivan S.
7. Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on TWO countries each chosen from a different region.
- For this question i will be comparing the following countries, Italy and America. The cold war which started in 1947 influence the Italian politics on the very first year, when politic De Gasperi went to the United States and somehow he came back with over 100 million of dollars in terms of military aid and on top of that, he broke alliance with communists, you can get a sense that this is a start of the communist idea! Meanwhile in order for the United States to not get the aid back away from Italy, Italy had to make sure that either communists or socialists came to power. At some point the Socialists broke their alliance with the communists and they started working with the rising power of the Christian Democrats in which they were supported by the United States. Though with the renovation in the Government in Italy, there had to be a bad side to the impact of the Cold war in Italy. An movement of terrorist attacks which is believed to be by the Communists rocked Italy.
- Now with America, the Cold War had a very big impact in the United States. If you think about it, the U.S. had a weapon that could not only destroy its own country but destroy the whole world. We can debate that the Cold War impacted America in both in a good and bad way. One of the good things that happened was the Civil Rights movement in which the blacks were fighting for their rights still. In 1958, the legislation passed an act where money was invested in all types of education, that was called the National Defense Education Act. At the end, United States feared of Communism possibly taking over United State capitalism.
8. Analyse the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War.
- When Mikhail Gorbachev took over the power in Russia, it was officially the end for the Soviet Union. When Gorbachev took over he changed Russia and the relationship with other countries in many ways. People were expecting him to kind of take over Poland politically but he ended up not doing anything. When the Soviet communist felt down apart, many other communists parties felt down as well. Freedom finally arrived at Russia, Baltic states like Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia, all declared independence. Similar things started to happen around the states in China and Ukraine. So the main factor of the ending of the Cold War was the fall of the infamous Communism.
WORK CITED
ReplyDelete"The End of the Cold War." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2015. .
"The Cold War in Asia and the Middle East." N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2015. .
"The Origins of the Cold War." Global Research. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2015. .
"The Cold War Political Order." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2015. .
"Impact of the Cold War." Mrkscoldwarb -. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2015. .
"Cold War Influences on American Culture, Politics, and Economics." Shads Blog. N.p., 05 Dec. 2009. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. .
"Marshall Plan, 1948 - 1945–1952 - Milestones - Office of the Historian."Marshall Plan, 1948 - 1945–1952 - Milestones - Office of the Historian. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. .
"The Warsaw Pact Is Formed." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2015. .
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete1. What is a "new state?"
ReplyDeleteThe original goal the big three, USSR, Britain, and U.S.A, had was to divide Germany temporary, then they would unite and fix Germany. It was very difficult to create a new state. The big three, USSR, Britain, and U.S.A, including France had to divide ethic groups, linguistic groups, and split the natural features of that area in fourths. On the other hand, there were some areas where it was easy to create a new state. It was very easy for U.S.A, Britain, and France to create a new state because they all had the same views, democracy. They unified their shares of Germany and create one whole new state.
2. Assess the impact of the Cold War developments one TWO non-European new states.
IRAN
The Cold War developed in Iran because the USA and the USSR both agreed to let the Iran troops free after the war finished. However, Stalin did not let the troops free and the citizens of Iran were complaining to USA. The USA tried to get the troops from Iran and set them free but Stalin refused. Stalin kept 30,000 troops from Iran in the north. He said that he needed them because the troops would help put down internal rebellion. This created more ciaos and the USA lost trust in the USSR.
KOREA
The Cold War developed in Korea because in the Korean War the USA and the USSR took Japan away from Korea. As the cold war escalated they had to divide Japan between the two of them. The USSR took the North and the USA took the South. The two ruled there share of Japan the way that they felt was right. In 1950 North Korean troops invaded the South part of Korea. This create tension between the USA and the USSR because the USSR broke the agreement and crossed the divided line. The North Korean troops were fight back and forth with the USA. It wasn’t until China stepped in and the USA was able to get their territory back. Korea was important to the Cold War because this was one of the moments where the USA figured that they could not trust the USSR.
3. "The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United Nations." To what extent do you agree with this assertion?
I agree that the major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping was the impact of Cold War politics. The USSR believed in a communism government with everyone working together to benefit their country and getting paid the same amount no matter the job one has. While the West believed in a Capitalist government with free elections, freedom of speech and getting based off the amount of work you do. Both had completely different views which got in the way of the USSR, USA and Britain working together. Which is what led to the division in Germany. The division was the Western Germany, USA, Britain and France. Then there was the Eastern Germany, the USSR. The USSR, USA, and Britain agreed to de-Nazified, demilitarized, and disarmed it Germany. However, since the USSR and the West had different views on how to run the government they kept the division.
4. To what extent were Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
ReplyDeleteI think that the USSR and the USA all had a fair share for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 195 and 1949. I believe this because the each did numerous acts that ticked each other off. For example, the USA ticked off the USSR because of the speech Churchill gave. The whole point of the speech was to inform the other countries that they needed to be careful and keep their guard up because the USSR was gaining too much power. When Stalin heard this speech he was extremely annoyed and believed that Churchill was being racist against the Russians. Stalin also believed that the USA wanted to start a war with them because of this speech. An example for how the USSR was responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War was the west and the USSR both agreed that after the war with Germany they would let the troop from Iran free. However, Stalin did not follow through with this agreement. Which led to the citizens of Iran to complain to the West, the USSR’s ally at the time. The West tried to get Stalin to free the troops but he still refused. There are many more conflicts that led to the outbreak and development of the Cold War between the West and the USSR. Which is why I said they should be blamed 50/50.
5. In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
The USA was afraid of Mao Zedong, the leader of China, because of its advances it had on a communist government. As we know, the USA is completely against communism. The USA was also afraid because it noticed that the spread on a communist government was spreading a lot. China was important to the Cold War because Mao and Stalin could of worked together to create more countries with a communist government. In the Korean War the USA and the USSR took Japan away from Korea. As the cold war escalated they had to divide Japan between the two of them. The USSR took the North and the USA took the South. The two ruled there share of Japan the way that they felt was right. In 1950 North Korean troops invaded the South part of Korea. This create tension between the USA and the USSR because the USSR broke the agreement and crossed the divided line. The North Korean troops were fight back and forth with the USA. It wasn’t until China stepped in and the USA was able to get their territory back. Korea was important to the Cold War because this was one of the moments where the USA figured that they could not trust the USSR.
6. Identify and explain the significance of TWO of the following in the development of the Cold War: COMECON; Marshall Plan; NATO; Warsaw Pact.
ReplyDeleteMARSHALL PLAN
President George Marshall introduced the Marshall Plan at Harvard University on June 5th, 1947. The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to help Europe, states that were poor, economically and politically. Marshall wanted to create free institutions, increase the working economy, create a capitalist government, and improve their social conditions. In order to get aid from the USA the states would have to present the USA with recipients’ financial records. The USA did not want the USSR to get aid from them because they lost trust in them. The USSR figured out that the USA asked for these records because they knew that the USSR would not be able to be eligible for the USA aid. The Marshall Plan was a development of the Cold War because it made the USSR believe that the states that were getting aid from the USA would have to be on their side.
NATO
The reason for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO, formation in April 1949 was because the USA felt that they needed to protect themselves from the USSR. After the threat to Berlin from the USSR and the Czech coup the USA had no choice but to create a military defense team. When the USSR found out that a military group was form in the West Germany they were scared and created the Warsaw Pact. This pact made every state in the Eastern Europe turn into a military command. This developed the Cold War because this was the final straw between the USA and the USSR and this officially created a division in military, economics, and politics.
7. Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on TWO countries each chosen from a different region.
Africa and Asia was effected socially and economically by the cold war because both regions were divided in parts because the USA and the USSR could not work together to unify the region. Both regions social game went up because both USSR and USA wanted to get the most allies. There were some parts of Africa and Asia where they had a capitalist government and some had a communist government. It was very difficult to split Africa in half because each tribe had different ethnic groups and different languages. The USSR and the USA just decided to split the tribe in half. Even though Asia suffered a division, China benefited because since it was a communist government Stalin decided to become allies with China because they had the same views.
8. Analyze the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War.
One of the factors that led to the ending of the Cold War was the USSR’s economy was weakening. The USSR got its good from the Western Germany. Since the division was clearly made between the two, the Western part of Germany refused to provide the Eastern part of Germany with any goods. Thus, resulting a weakness in their economy. The Eastern part of Germany could not stand a chance against the Western part of Germany and eventually decided to end the division. Another factor that led to the ending of the Cold War was that Gorbachev, a leader of the USSR, realized that the system of communism was not able to compete with this capitalism of the West. More states favored the capitalism government. This was another reason why this Eastern part of Germany lost and decided to end the division.
Work Cited
-“What was the Cold War?” Packet
- Olympic, Sylvanus E. "African Problems and the Cold War." Global. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2015.
- "United States History - The Cold War in Asia and the Middle East." United States History - The Cold War in Asia and the Middle East. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2015.
- "The Cold War in Asia and the Middle East." University of Groningen, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2015.
Germairy Roman
ReplyDeleteMs. Noce
IB History 12
2/17/15
1. What is a "new state?"
I believe that a “new state” is when a territory is acquired by a territory that possesses more power. During war, a state can have their independence taken away and annexed to another territory and considered a “new state”.
2. Assess the impact of Cold War developments one TWO non-European new states.
It is said that the Cold War does not only have European origins, it also has global origins which not everyone decides to learn about. The Cold War was not only focused on inter-state relations. The Soviet Union and the U.S. was was called upon for foreign policy and diplomacy. Another non-European territory apart from the U.S. was Cuba. Cuba was coming up with ideas to create a Cuban Revolution. It is also said that American involvement accelerated the Cold War.
3. "The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United Nations." To what extent do you agree with this
assertion?
I agree with this assertion. WWII ended in the 1940s and that caused alliances to come apart. The U.S. and Great Britain did not have an easy time being allies during the war. Also the Soviet Union was coming apart as well. The Soviet Union was threatening to permanently take control of Eastern Europe, which instilled fear in the British. The U.S. launched the Marshall Plan to provide aid to western Europe. I guess that is peacekeeping between the U.S. and Europe, but there are more enemies than alliances. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was created to resist Soviet powers in Europe. The Korean War was also created due to unsuccessful peacekeeping. The Soviet supported government in North Korea supported the U.S. supported government in South Korea in 1950, the Korean War went on until 1953. The Cold War became worse as time went on during the 1950s. More organizations like the Warsaw Pact (created in 1955) were formed. The Cold War impacted a number of countries like the Dominican Republic, Germany, Hungary, Guatemala, and others.
4. To what extent were Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
I strongly agree with the view that Soviet policies were responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949. Soviet powers I believe were asking for trouble. They wanted to overtake European territories permanently which I think is wrong. I believe that the Cold War was accelerated a great deal due to Soviet policies.
5. In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
The Middle East was significant in the World War because it was a point of interest. Countries that were involved with the Middle East were; the U.S., the Soviet Union, Britain, and France. Overtime, Britain and France removed their influence from the Middle East. A major reason of why the Middle East was so important during the Cold War is because of their foreign policy.
6. Identify and explain the significance of TWO of the following in the development of the Cold War: COMECON; Marshall Plan; NATO; Warsaw Pact.
ReplyDeleteThe NATO was formed in the 1940s as well as the Marshall Plan. The significance of these organizations were that they had good intentions. The NATO was created in order for the Soviet presence in Europe would be resisted. The Marshall Plan provided aid to western Europe after being targeted by Soviet powers. The NATO plan not only involved the U.S. but also European allies of the U.S. I found it interesting that both plans involved the U.S.
7. Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on TWO countries each chosen from a different region.
I will compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on South Korea and Britain. A comparison between the two countries and how they were affected socially and economically were their enemy. The biggest enemy for both countries were the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union threatened Britain and created an alliance with North Korea in order to go against South Korea. Another comparison was that both countries got support from the U.S. A contrast is was that South Korea had other enemies aside from the Soviet Union trying to invade them. Britain was primarily being threatened by the Soviet Union.
8. Analyse the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War.
The Cold War was able to end when Mikhail S. Gorbachev came to power in Russia. Although Gorbachev’s communist party was weakened, the war was able to end when the Soviet Union collapsed. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, and 15 nations which were independent were created. Also, at the end of the Cold War, an anti communist leader was elected.
Works Cited
Kent, John. "History in Focus." Cold War and the Periphery. Institute of Historical Research. Copyright Notice., 2008. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
"Cold War | International Politics." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. .
Reich, Bernard. "Foreign Military Studies Office Publications - THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET UNION IN THE MIDDLE EAST." Foreign Military Studies Office Publications - THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET UNION IN THE MIDDLE EAST. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
Dinia Clairveaux
ReplyDeleteMs. Noce
IB History
2/17/15
The Cold War
1.) What is a "new state?"
A new state I guess is a state that had been created under con-questing countries like Germany and the Soviet Union. It is made part of the territories that had been been taken.
2.) Assess the impact of Cold War developments one TWO non-European new states.
3.) "The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United Nations." To what extent do you agree with this assertion?
I agree to the extent that the United Nations and the USSR had a different perspective on how things should be govern. the USSR believed in communism while the United Nations were more of a democratic especially the United States. The USSR during that time was very powerful and would view any error of petty excuse to attack as sign of disagreement and disrespect .
4.) To what extent were Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
The Soviets policy play a great role in the outbreak of the Cold War because the policies were created to spread Stalinism throughout the rest of Europe. The west was democratic and didn't agree with Stalinism. The United States did not trust the Soviets and did not allied them when they asked for an alliance to fight and prevent Hitler invading Russia. Not to mention the speech that the former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill say that the Soviets wants war to expand their territories.
5.) In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
The ways and reason that the middle east important during the the Cold War because it was every the money was at. the middle east contain a substantial amount of oil and Stalin wanted part of the act. The UK had troop over there, the United States and Britain.
6.) Identify and explain the significance of TWO of the following in the development of the Cold War: COMECON; Marshall Plan; NATO; Warsaw Pact.
The significance of the Marshall Plan was to rebuild Europe up from the damages that is suffered from the second world war. It was created to improve the economy in Europe and to keep the peace in the European states. The significance of the COMECON was also just like the Marshall Plan was to rebuild European economy after the war. I was created by the Soviets because they were worried about the Marshall Plan the West had created. The Soviets did not want to lose the countries that it had captured and spread it spheres of influence to the West.
7.) Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on TWO countries each chosen from a different region.
ReplyDeleteCzechoslovakia
The cold war had a bad effect on Czechoslovakia it government was unstable Due to the pressure it was getting from Stalin to turn the government into a communist party.which lead of the resigning of 12 of it government members. Then there was the assassination of the Czech Foreign Minister. There was an uprising in Czechoslovakia at this point.
Iran
Iran was unstable because it became a battle a profitable territory for the West and the USSR due to the fact that it contain oil. The Soviets not wanting to move out of Iran wen and spread their spheres of influence there and cause an uprising which lead to the Iranian government seeking help from the west.
8.) Analyse the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War.
the factors that lead to the ending of the Cold War was the downfall of the USSR. Its economy was unstable and the policies that they created were unsuccessful because they cause major problem. Like its Five year plan that lead to the peasants in Russia to suffer a famine. The workers were dying of hunger.
Sources
“What was the Cold War?” IB Packet.
"The Cold War Museum." Cold War Museum. Web. 16 Feb. 2015. .
"Comecon | International Organization." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. .
Naomie Bourdeau
ReplyDeleteIB World History
Ms.Noce
February,17,2015
1) What is a "new state?"
-Theres not an exact definition of what a “new state” but to my understanding a new state is where the countries that were being forced to develop under the new “communist” regime that happen under stalin's rule,when he used certain tactics like the” Salami Tactic”.
2) Assess the impact of Cold War developments one TWO non-European new states.
-The Cold War was developing a dominant influence on many aspects of American society.The Cold war created fear within the people of America. There was an Executive order” 9835” that was passed by President Harry Truman to investigate the government employees. It simply was to make sure that no American, especially government officials were communists.They invaded as much as possible. So that all American would be on the same train. America really did feared communism, so in that case they investigated threats of communism in U.S. House committee on the Un-American Activities also disrupted the lives of the Americans in its hunt for communists. In the USSR (Soviet Union) the Communist Party remained the sole political force in the Soviet Union, but decades of post-Stalinist economic reforms left the Soviet empire with a seemingly robust economy and an increased standard of living for Soviet citizens. Wages in the Soviet Union increased sharply. Citizens were briskly affected by the taxes that was raised because of the war.
3. "The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United Nations." To what extent do you agree with this assertion?
-I agree far with this statement because, after the failure of the League of Nations, the establishment of the United Nations was the second attempt at creating a collective security system within only a few decades . Yet, during the Cold War collective security was going to fail once again, as most of the world was divided into two blocks. Because of the rigid structure of the UN that was planning on to maintain the “status quo” of the international world order, the Security Council (SC) often found itself in a stalemate situation, unable to act efficiently. Indeed, on several occasions it can be said that the SC was used as a tool of superpower influence. It definitely was a major obstacle to face but it did lead to “peacekeeping”.
4. To what extent were Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
-To a certain extent, the Soviet policies responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949. I say this because the forceful takeover of Eastern Europe through the Red Army occupations, especially in distinctive cases such as Poland and Czechoslovakia, can be seen as being far from the "liberation" over which the two war-time allies had agreed, while the rigging of elections did not conform to the Yalta agreement of the organisation of free ones. Stalin responded to the Americans' policies of containment by creating his own agencies, therefore creating even more hostility between the two superpowers, while also refusing the existence of anything but Soviet puppet states in Eastern Europe. However, the event which cemented the outbreak of the Cold War was Stalin imposing the Berlin Blockade, taking direct action towards weakening the Americans' position. So they had some blame for the outbreak of the war but not all of it.
5. In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
ReplyDelete-The middle East was important in the Cold War because the Middle East (at the time) had a land full of rich soil. Also, it has great crops to grow. The United States did not build any interest of what we later know to be Oil. The Soviet Union only wanted to be the dominant Part of Europe and also all of Asia but when it came down to the Middle East was were things got a bit difficult for them. The Soviet Union had already the big Double-continent known as Russia and Eurocentric countries.
6. Identify and explain the significance of TWO of the following in the development of the Cold War: COMECON; Marshall Plan; NATO; Warsaw Pact.
-The Marshall Plan was the American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave $17 billion (approximately $160 billion in current dollar value) in economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II. The plan was in operation for four years beginning in April 1948. The goals of the United States were to rebuild war-devastated regions, remove trade barriers, modernize industry, and make Europe prosperous again.The Warsaw Pact was a collective defense treaty among eight communist states of Central and Eastern Europe in existence during the Cold War. The Warsaw Pact was the military complement to the Council for Mutual Economic Ass. the regional economic organization for the communist States of Central and Eastern Europe. The Warsaw Pact was in part a Soviet military reaction to the integration of West Germany into NATO in 1955 per the Paris Pacts of 1954,]but was primarily motivated by Soviet desires to maintain control over military forces in Central and Eastern Europe] in turn (according to The Warsaw Pact's preamble) meant to maintain peace in Europe, guided by the objective points and principles of the Charter of the United Nations (1945).
7. Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of the Cold War on TWO countries each chosen from a different region.
- South Korea and Britain. had a lot of social and economic effects because the Cold war. They both had the same “biggest enemy” for both countries that was the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union had put a huge threat Britain and created an alliance with North Korea in order to go against South Korea. Another comparison as that both countries got support from the U.S. A contrast is was that South Korea had different enemies aside from the Soviet Union trying to invade them. Britain was the first being threatened by the Soviet Union.
8. Analyse the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War.
-Like dominoes, Eastern European communist dictatorships fell one by one. By the fall of 1989, East and West Germans were tearing down the (BERLIN WALL) with pickaxes. Communist regimes were ousted in Hungary and Czechoslovakia.The brutal Romanian dictator (NICOLAE CEAUSESCU) and his wife were summarily executed on live television. Yugoslavia threw off the yoke of communism only to dissolve quickly into a violent civil war.Demands for freedom soon spread to the Soviet Union. The( BALTIC STATES) of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania declared independence. Talks of similar sentiments were heard in Ukraine, the Caucasus, and the (CENTRAL ASIAN) states. Here Gorbachev wished to draw the line. Self-determination for Eastern Europe was one thing, but he intended to maintain the territorial integrity of the Soviet Union. In 1991, he proposed a Union Treaty, giving greater autonomy to the Soviet republics, while keeping them under central control.
Works Cited
ReplyDeletehttps://tradshad.wordpress.com/writings/cold-war-influences-on-american-culture-politics-and-economics/
http://find.galegroup.com/gic/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&idigest=fb720fd31d9036c1ed2d1f3a0500fcc2&type=retrieve&tabID=T001&prodId=GIC&docId=CX3403300164&source=gale&userGroupName=itsbtrial&version=1.0
http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Soviet2.html
http://www.e-ir.info/2011/06/10/the-un-during-the-cold-war-a-tool-of-superpower-influence-stymied-by-superpower-conflict/
Junior Fanfan
ReplyDeleteMs. Noce
IB History
Feburary 17,2015
1. What was a new state
After reading the packet I found out that new states was countries being forced to become one country, better to rule if all te countries came together. The new states are the Soviet Union, Albania, Romania, Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria.
2. Assess the impact of Cold War developments one two non-European new states.
3." The major obstacle to successful international peacekeeping between 1945 and 1965 was the impact of Cold War politics on the United nations". To what extent do you agree with his assertion?
I agree with this statement because Europe became divided and under the eye of the USSR that was very difficult. When the peacekeeping politics were being planed they had to be very careful incase the USSR attacked any country if they felt that they were being cheated. The United Nation had to be very careful in the threat of war.
4. To what extent were soviet policies Responsible for the outbreak and development of the Cold War between 1945 and 1949?
When World War II ended the Soviet Union and the Communist were enemies of all the nations. The Soviet Union's initial plan was to get world domination. There first action was to create a foreign policy against the United states. The United States than set a Foreign Policy towards the Soviet Union in terms of atomic bombs.
5. In what ways, and for what reasons, was the Middle East important in the Cold War?
ReplyDeleteThe Middle East is known for there oil. Oil is the best thing a country can have because that would bring in all the money. The oil region was accessible to anyone and that could have been the start of many disputes.
6. Identify and explain the significance of two of the following in the development of the Cold War: Comecon, Marshall Plan, NATO, Warsaw Pact?
The NATO stands for North Atlantic treaty organization. This organization was made for keeping the soviet expansion and army in control. This organization was a way of protecting the west from the Soviet Union if they tried anything. The NATO than created more tension when they tried to deter the USSR completely.
The Warsaw Pact was a Pact that focused a lot on Communism in Russia and the countries they effected. " Soviet Union, Albania,Poland,Romania,Hungary,East Germany,Czechoslovakia, and Bulgaria. This protected all these states from attacks from the military.
7. Compare and contrast the social and economic effects of Cold War on two countries each from a different region?
The Cold War effected Hungary and Czechoslovakia because Russia was controlling both these countries and the Cold War effected Czechoslovakia because it made the government was unstable due to the pressure from Stalin. There was also a assassination of the Czech Foreign minister.
The Soviet Union occupied Hungary when the Cold War was over they got a new government and made many new reforms. The Cold War was taking control of Hungary and was accuping the land. They also had military forces inside Hungary.
8. Analyze the factors which led to the ending of the Cold War?
The factors that led to the ending of the Cold War was the fall of the USSR. It also ended when the Soviet Union collapsed. When Milhail Gorbachev took over Russia that was also an ending point of the war.
Work cited:
What was the Cold War packet
Impact of the Cold War. Mrkscoldwarb-. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2015
"The Warsaw pact is formed". History.com A&E television networks, n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2015
William Portorreal
ReplyDeleteIB History 12
Ms. Noce
1. To me a new state is when a piece of land becomes a part of union or a big organized group. For example like Texas wasn’t part of the United States and then one day there was an agreement and Texas became part of the United States. You can also look at it as a unification of two or more pieces of land.
3. I agree with the statement because the cold war really affected the countries of Europe and left them in a bed economic and political position. Before the cold war there wasn’t any united nations it was the League of Nations which was a failure and was only made up of a couple countries. After the cold war a whole bunch of countries made an agreement and formed the United Nations which is still in effect. So if it wasn’t for the cold war then there probably would have been a United Nations.
4. Stalin had a very strict foreign policy and he wanted to make Russia the strongest country against the world. Stalin wanted to take over all of Western Europe and basically ignored every treaty which accelerated the cold war. The Soviet Union was just asking for trouble and heated things up between them and the United States.
5. The Middle East was important when it came to the cold war because of it rich soil and natural resources such as oil. Oil is a very important resource especially when it comes to war, this is why so many countries are interested in the Middle East.
6. The Marshal plan was introduced by George Marshall in 1947. The reason why the Marshall plan was introduced was because Western Europe was left in position where they were doing bad economically and politically because of the cold war. With this plan Western Europe would be get aid from the United States and overtime Western Europe would have received billions of dollars. The NATO (North Atlantic Organization Treaty) was created for the purpose of stopping the Soviet Union or any form of communism from expanding. The Soviet Union and their alliances saw this as a threat and the U.S. build an army to protect themselves. This eventually led up to more tension between the two.
8. The Soviet Union’s economy had collapsed completely and they just keep fighting. Mikhail S. Gorbachev took power in Russia and he tried to make peace with other countries because they were in a bad position due to the cold war. Many other communist countries declared independence as well such as the Baltic States. The Berlin wall was destroyed and east and Germany eventually came together because both sides became weak and could not stand as a divided country.
Works cited: http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/what%20was%20the%20cold%20war.htm
http://www.historytoday.com/vladimir-batyuk/end-cold-war-russian-view
What was the cold war? IB Packet
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/366654/Marshall-Plan