Sorry this is SO late...please post your Analysis section of the Internal Assessment on tonight's blog. Please remember that you need to hand in a hard copy tomorrow at the beginning of class. Good luck finalizing your FaceBook projects!
Shaquan Richards IA: Analysis IB World History Word Count: 711
With the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) trying to transform Algeria into a democratic state, they were bound to get into a little trouble with this sort of process from rebeling groups that didn’t want change. These groups were the government and the military of Algeria. I can reason with the FIS and understand why they’d want to give people the power to vote. You can’t have the government and military being the ones mainly controlling the actions of people especially since there was a huge growth in the population. The FIS tried to turn the state democratic because they wanted to distribute power to the people, which is a reason the military quickly opposed because if the people of Algeria gained power then that would leave the military with less. At first the government of Algeria was helping and supporting the FIS (previously stated in the summary of evidence). But then things took a turn for the worse (everything changed up) against the FIS and soon the government didn’t find the FIS fit to run Algeria and therefore resulted in them not wanting the FIS to run for a democracy for the state of Algeria. Things were going smoothly for the FIS when they were gaining votes from the people to make Algeria a democracy. Then the FIS had gotten attacked. They did not want to lower themselves to acts of aggression but sooner or later had no choice due to the fact that they were continuously getting attacked. The government claimed that the FIS cheated in their votes, which is suposably the reason why the FIS had been so successful and close to turning the state of Algeria into a democracy. This is what the government stated for their reasons for going against the FIS, “fundamentalism is incompatible with democracy; second the FIS stole their elections through fraud.” Everyone in the state of Algeria (the population, government even the fundamentalists) knew that they were in a crisis, which is why I do not understand why they soon went against the FIS when they were only trying to help better the state of Algeria by turning it into a democracy thus helping out their social crisis by giving the people some power. The military only opposed against the FIS because they “did not want to relinquish their power.” So they were only against them for their own self interest. But in the beginning many military people had joined the FIS. So it seems like once they realized they were going to lose power was when they felt the need to abandon the FIS and oppose against them. This shows the struggle of a group in Algeria trying to do the right thing for their state and how people can turn against them. “The FIS was good during the 1990s because the local and municipal elections were happening.” This is going back to how the government accused the FIS of stealing their elections through fraud and then pointed out how they were not fit to run a country. The name of the people opposing the FIS were called the Fundamentalist, and it was said that once they had power that they did not want to relinquish it (an example of how the military had a problem of sharing their power so they opposed). But this did not stop the FIS, they stated that they had demonstrated their commitment to turning Algeria into a democracy and how they were not going to stop trying until it had successfully been transformed. The FIS were commenting on everything people had to say about them. They said that it was hypocritical for anyone to try and go against a change for democracy (because it would give the people power). The people speaking on the behalf of the FIS (the FIS leaders) stated a concept of itjihad. Which means that no one has the monopoly on interpreting any kind of political order God had intended for humanity and how people had the right to rule so long as they do not violate the principles of faith. Then numerous leaders of the FIS had said after the election victory on December 1991 that this was a win for Islam and not democracy because Islam is incompatible with democracy.
Carlos Callejas 10/22/14 Ms. Noce (202) D. Analysis The historical importance of assessing the situation of the Spanish Catholic Church in Spain comes from the fact that it shows how smaller groups who, despite disapproving of the policies or doctrines of greater powers, end up being engulfed by the major power. It also shows the conditions which force, perhaps innocent, groups to ally with powers that commit crimes against humanity and thus, make themselves a part of the crime as collaborators. As presented by Lannon’s Privilege, Persecution, and Privilege, the Spanish Catholic Church was not an entity with homogenous political stances . For instance, on the far right was Archbishop Pedro Segura who advocated for something akin to a Theocracy . On the political left side were those who spoke out for the working class and clamoured for social reform. Since this was the case, it would be relevant to presume that not all Catholics would join Franco’s revolutionaries. However, something shifted such naysayers’ minds, something overrode their political and religious sense of right, and they eventually came under Franco’s umbrella. The reason for this sudden change of mind was not conviction that Fascism was the answer to their maladies, instead it was fear of the consequences of not joining the Fascists. As Lannon stated, anti-church entities broke out in violence as soon as the war began, and massacred members of the Catholic Church . Furthermore, the word Persecution in the title refers to this period in time, when Catholics were persecuted by Republicans and Anarchists at the dawn of war. This suggests that the reason the Catholic Church joined Franco was not a choice, but a necessity during times of intense violence against Church members. Some gladly welcomed Franco’s anti Republican ideas and were allied to him prior to the uprising . Others resisted for longer but had to adapt to survive during times of war. However, the maximum authority in the Catholic hierarchy, the Pope, thought otherwise. Fattorini’s book proves that Pope Pius XI’s stance on Fascism was that of utter disgust and dismay . He issued a message to General Franco in order to express his feelings about Franco’s actions and ,to an extent, Fascism and dictatorship in general. As we can see from this work, the most influential and authoritative person in the ecclesiastical order promoted the opposition to Fascist regimes and condemned the idea of revolution as an affront towards God. Regardless, Pius’ voice of peace was muffled by the brick walls surrounding him. His Holiness was encircled by Fascism, most of the Catholic authorities around him favored Mussolini. By then, the Fascist carpet was spread wide and far. Those who resisted were crushed and many were left with no choice but to give in during these turbulent times. However, as Thomas Bokenkotter has shown, there were Catholics who challenged the Fascist trend and advocated for Democracy; Luigi Sturzo was one such Catholics . This proves that Fascism did not go unchallenged by Catholics, but the problem with his account is that it never mentions Spain nor any Spanish Catholic revolutionaries. WORD COUNT: 546
The economy was bad, for lot's of reasons; which was a big one with education. In other word's people not going to school or getting jobs will affect the nation has a whole. This was called the "Black Society" in which in the book "Sons of the Revolution" by Llang Heng and Judith Sharpie; the denfition in their own words is "the society on which Chinese students don't go to school". This was would bring China down because if the people don't go to school, how would they supply jobs if the person isn't getting the right education. The way China is now, you wouldn't image the stuff that was going on, or on why nobody was going to school;China's rate was dropping. This would turn into kids, most likely teenagers going to war because there was nothing else to do, reason why the dropout rate was high. This would lead to kids getting killed because they chose not to do the work.
Before the turn around there were leader's that wasn't good at being one and their duties as they were suppose to do. These leaders could of did better and reason why they were in trouble. Mao some can say or people will conclude he is the best leader that happen to China ; the way he changed it around and fought against the KMT. In the book "Prelude to Revolution " by Richard Baum talks about the leadership that Mao had as general. One major tool he did was long marches for people in China who had the same vision as him. His leadership was very good for China and more people started to progress to like him. He wanted to do it in a peaceful way and not in violence, which was better for the economy because China economy wasn't good so couldn't go to war. The best tactic that Mao did was the Long March, which brought his legacy up because of the help he gave to people in China. Unlike other leader's he was more serious and not clumsy as I would refer to the other leaders. He seen a problem, and also the problems with the economy and went to fix them. Most of the problems was with the KMT because of the different views they had from each other;for us today it's like democratic versus republican.
In also trying to gather other area's to grow better was one of Mao's ideas because to expand the nation would be more money coming in. Getting the Western Sides, for example getting oil was a big factor;ever nation wanted this and would spend a lot just to get the oil because it is crucial. Getting this from "China the Other Communist" by K.S Karol in which these facts are related to bringing China economy up. In this one also talks about the relation on how Mao came to power but basically was off bad leadership other's did and great movement's he caused.
Jalexis Ruiz IA : Analysis Ms.noce IB History 12 word count :520
With the help of Mussolini and Hitler, Franco seem to have more power. Hitler was just like Franco he was a dictator always wanting to lead and take control. General Franco received a lot of help from fascist and monarchist and from the nazi party. They left nearly half a million dead. They worked together to dominate everyone and be the leaders of the civil war. Nationalist took major part in the spanish civil war from 1936-1939. I can connect with this because if it was me I would want something out of this myself. That is a reason why Mussolini and Hitler took place in this action to get something of out the action that they did with General Franco. General Franco let them help him so that he would be able to get more powerful and get more respect from people. He was a very strong impact on a lot of people. Nationalist prevailed when it came to the civil war. It was then led by Franco and the government fought for control of their country. They were rebels they got what they wanted they didn't hesitate to do what they need to accomplish they made it happen. The nationalists got materials that were needed for war and also soldiers from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The way that they all connect to work together is that mussolini was his own leader of a nationalist party so he knew what to do, hitler was a dictator he knew what to do he had the plans. The three man connected with each other to help the nationalist in the Spanish Civil war.General Franco wanted to protect Spain from liberal act among the powers of other armies. Hitler wanted to gain power and unite all german speaking people together, and Mussolini wanted to expand Italys power and strength. All three of them both say that nationalism leads into fascism. Hitler and Mussolini both rose to power in similar ways, they fought side by side in world war two. Hitler drove events and mussolini just followed basically. General Franco admired Hitler he thought if he and hitler got together it would be a good thing. Hitler sent plans to spain when General Franco sent an urgent request for help. Mussolini and Hitler provided substantial aid , as in weapons and men to fight. My question was why did Hitler help Franco when france was his enemy? Hitler used Spain as a testing ground for german military forces. Spain and Germany were very close now after the outbreak of the second world war that was coming up. Franco wanted Hitler and Mussolini to join him in his Fascism victory. Hitler was the one that made General Franco join him in war. Hitler was very smart he wanted to keep the french empire very close. Franco and Mussolini had vicious people that discriminate against the nazi party. After all of this Falange remained important. In spain Falange was a political organization that the spanish civil war used. This shows how Mussolini and Hitler helped General France with the nationalist in the civil war.
Madelis Mejia Ms. Noce IB History 12 Nov. 3, 2014 Analysis The importance of this investigation is to discover the similarities and differences of the strategies used by Mao Zedong compared to the failures of the Kuomintang that resulted in the victory for the Chinese Communist Party in 1949. Mao used many strategies that led his group to victory. For example, winning supporters, teaching new methods, expanding their territory, advance usage of technology, and revenge. Some of the failures of the Kuomintang was; gaining enough supporters, teamwork, and failing to notice and stop the Chinese Communist Parties strategies. Both, strategies of Mao Zedong and the failures of the Kuomintang have impacts on the ending of the Chinese Civil War. For example, if the Kuomintang worked together as a team; not going against each other, staying faithful to each other and listening to each other, then they would be able to focus more on how to win victory of China. The Kuomintang wasted time planning against each other when they could have been planning together to bring the Chinese Communist Party down. Another failure that the Kuomintang could of avoided and win victory in the Chinese Civil War was trying to figure out the Chinese Communist Party’s strategies and try to be one step ahead of them. This would have been extra work to be one step ahead of the Chinese Communist Party. However, it would led to victory of the Chinese Civil War for the Kuomintang. Before the official separation of both groups they were once working together. They tried to split the power evenly. However, this didn’t go as plan because both groups had such different beliefs on what should be done. A way the Kuomintang could have kept one step ahead of the Chinese Communist Party could have been by letting the Chinese Communist Party believe that the Kuomintang is on their side, listen to their strategies and learn how they think as a group. With this information, the Kuomintang could have been one step ahead of the Chinese Communist Party and they would have had a mindset of the Chinese Communist Party’s strategies. This could have been one way that the Kuomintang could have won victory in China. Mao’s strategies have impacts on the result of the Chinese Civil War. Mao was a very straightforward guy. He kept everything professional. He was a great leader for the Chinese Communist party and extremely strategic. If Mao were to act and have had a completely opposite mindset, the Chinese Communist Party Would not have won victory in China. Mao’s strategies were extremely important and to the victory of the Chinese Communist Party because they were very thought out and all of Mao’s strategies helped farther the chances of winning the Victory of China. In conclusion, the strategies conducted by Mao Zedong and the failures of Kuomintang were very important in the history of the Chinese Civil War because both is what led to the Chinese Communist Party to victory in 1949. Word Count: 536
Erick Volquez IB History 12 Ms. Noce Internal Assessment Analysis Word count: 564
In order to really understand the basis of the paper, we need to find the importance of the investigation based on the historical context. The Spanish civil war was a tremendous impact to not only Spain but really on Europe itself. If we look at James M. Anderson’s book, we see how there is a intertwine between nations; Italy, Germany and Russia. Hitler wanted to introduce Nazism in Spain threw politics and social revolution. Although Franco was more of the ‘Man in battle’ type, he let Hitler introduce Nazism into Spain and do his work. Germany didn’t occupy the land of Spain, that would have been an extreme move but they did keep track of making sure that the Message of Germany was portrayed in Spain. Fascist Italy also had a good relationship with Spain. Fascist Italy wanted to empower the ideas of Franco in Spain to keep away the rebels from having any power over Franco’s Plans with the country. There was a quote that the rebels used which was “Las Garras de el invasor Italiano pretende esclavizarnos” “the claws of the Italian invasion want to make us slaves”. Mussolini gave hand in hand combat materials to Franco with the promise that there would land given to him in Africa. Another country that supported Franco was Russia. Soviet Russia supported the Republic of Spain but didn’t take any actions like Germany and Italy did by going in Spain. Is Important to see that the world was transfixed, the civil war was the focus point of the world turning it into an emotional atmosphere. If we analyze the evidence given to us of the civil war we see that there is a lot to really understand. The Basis of the war didn’t only rely on having the war being fought; it really comes from the origins and why it happened including the later outcomes. The Spanish civil war was the center of attention in the mid 1930’s. The world recognized that this was a major problem because it was a war fought between the same people! Sure there were other civil wars but to have Franco be supported by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy is something more powerful. The Ideas of Nazism and Fascism where not tolerated by many democratic countries like the United States; although they stayed neutral, they still watched carefully what Germany and Italy where doing. Chis Ealham’s edited book the splintering of Spain brings forward evidence for how Spaniards suffered due to this war. I think it is important to investigate the historical basis of this. The Spaniards thought that having Nazi beliefs implanted on the country was going to bring Political distortion and Fascist Italy would make them slaves. I think that this was a matter of being afraid; already having to deal with Franco and his regime, on top of that other supportive countries made things worst. We could interpret United States’ non actions towards Spain as an act of lack in ability to help them. Some may disagree but to have a country be the center of attention and to have a country that could have done something about it it’s unacceptable; but yet again since they declared themselves as neutral, no one judged them for this. We can see what role the world played into contributing to Spain (Italy and Germany) and what it didn’t do.
This historical investigation is determining whether or not the Chinese Civil War was provoked by Sun Yat-sen and also whether or not Sun Yat-sen succeeded by Chiang Kai-Shek. I evaluated different works in my summary of evidence that are useful in answering my research question. Sun Yat-sen's early life is documented in the work Sun Yat-sen frustrated Patriot by C. Martin Wilbur and I find that to be relevant in deciding whether or not the Chinese Civil War was provoked by him. When Sun Yat-sen was living in America with his brother, he in a way became westernized and that could have changed his perspective on issues concerning China. Sun becoming westernized made him unable to adjust to adjust to China’s restrictions causing controversy.# Sun's perspective being changed could have hurt China's image because he seemed like a different person and it weakened him as a leader which may have played a part in sparking the Chinese Civil War. Like I mentioned in my summary of evidence, Sun's childhood and the ideology that he follows definitely plays a part in determining whether or not the Chinese Civil War was provoked by him. All leaders do not share the same ideology so that can cause rivalries between nations. Leaders may have had completely different ideologies than Sun Yat-sen which can spark up a Civil War. The relationship between different nations provoke Civil Wars. The Japanese and Sun Yat-sen by Marius B. Jensen explains China's relationship with Japan. The book claims that China and Japan were not enemies which is incredibly significant because it tells me that it did not provoke the Chinese Civil War. This work also talks about the Kuomintang and the Chinese Nationalist Party. The revolutionaries tried to worry Chinese officials by threatening Japan.# This is significant because it shows that China and Japan were allies and that the act of threatening could provoke a Civil War. Since Sun Yat-sen was the leader at the time, it would be said that he provoked the Chinese Civil War. Warlord Politics in China 1916-1928 by Hsi-Cheng Ch'i talks about the KMT and also the relationship between Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-Shek which is relevant to my research question. Researching their relationship helps me determine if Sun Yat-sen was succeeded by Chiang Kai-Shek. Sun Yat-sen founded the Kuomintang in 1894 and Chiang Kai-shek took over control of the KMT after Sun's death in 1925. This makes sense because they were both close allies. The Kuomintang and the Chinese Nationalist party arguing could have provoked the Chinese Civil War. The Kuomintang and the Future of the Chinese Revolution by T.C. Woo explains the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Nationalist Party. Both parties came together to help China out of her issues and make her powerful. Both parties were able to compromise and come to an agreement in order to better China as a nation. If China was able to become free of enemies then both parties would feel like they got their jobs done. Observing the relationship between both parties is significant because I can see if the Civil War was sparked because the parties had problems or disagreements among each other.
Junior FanFan Ms.Noce IB History Analysis Word Count: 532
The FLN was significant during the Algerian war for either good causes or bad ones. Before the Algerian war took place the FLN lived amongst the Algerian people. For Example French kids would go to school with the Algerian kids and the adults would get jobs and be normal with the Algerian people. When the Algerian war takes place the Algerian started not to trust most of the French that approved of the Algerian people being controlled. The Algerian war took place but before the war the FLN and the French took Algeria as territory, use for more land, and their resources. The role that the FLN played during the Algerian civil war was to try and reason with the higher French power on why they tried to hurt the Algerian people. The Algerian felt that enough was enough and that they should be there own independent country and get freedom from the French. But the French didn’t want that to happen at first so that’s what started the war between the French and the Algerians. The FLN felt that how the French was treating the Algerians during the war was wrong that why they tried to fight and stop the war and get Algeria to become independent. For example the French was just using Algeria and when they were done with Algeria they was going to just abandon them and leave them without a government and no power to control them. So that’s when the west looked to Osama Bin Laden as a higher power because he felt the peoples pain and felt that he can get them back to a good state but that failed when he got into power because he started to abuse his power. The FLN also did a lot of things to help protect the Algerian people when the FLN knew they couldn’t defeat the French on their own they got help from outside forces like Morocco and Tunisia. Tunisia and Morocco were willing to help Algeria fight the French because France did the same thing to Tunisia. They came and took their land from them and controlled them until they fought back and kicked the French out of Tunisia. When they got help from them thats when Algeria felt that they were strong enough now to retaliate against first the French army that took their powers into their own hands and would torture and have there way with the hostages that they took. They used really cruel torture to get what they wanted from the Algerian people. After they were done with the army they went after the government and tried to stop them from terrorizing the Algerian people. The National Liberation Front (FLN) had many massacres like the Oran massacre of 1962 which says that about 4,300 French were killed during this battle by the French soldiers. This shows you how the FLN put there people on the line to fight for a country that wasn't even there native country. The FLN did really play a huge part in trying to help the Algerian people during the war and to stop the French government.
Samantha Foster Internal Assessment Ms.Noce 11-3-14 Word Count:502
The Kuomintang was a Chinese political party founded in 1919. During this time, the Kuomintang was under the influence of two leaders. Sun Yat-Sen was the founder of the Kuomintang as well as leader until his death. Chiang Kai-Shek followed into Sun Yat-Sen’s footsteps and became the next Kuomintang leader. The importance of this investigation is to show how the Kuomintang was heavily impacted by their leaders. From evidence that was provided, it is clear the the kuomintang was more productive and had a better image when it was under Sun Yat-Sen’s leadership. Chiang Kai-Shek did not live up to his predecessor. Instead, He got the Kuomintang involved with gangs and many people within the Chinese Mafia. Chiang-Kai Shek was known for having friends in dark places and was one of the reasons why the Kuomintang became so corrupt. This investigation was also important because it shows that because of Chiang Kai-Shek’s corrupt ways, the Kuomintang lost the civil war between them and the chinese communist party. The Kuomintang and the Chinese communist party decided to call a truce and united together to defeat Japanese forces in world war 2. Shortly after the war, tensions between the two political parties had risen once again. The Kuomintang could have stood a chance against the Chinese communist party if Chiang Kai-Shek hadn’t made foolish mistakes. For one thing, after the japanese forces had been destroyed, the Kuomintang drastically reduced the number of Kuomintang soldiers. These soldiers left unemployed and upset with the Kuomintang, decided to work for the Chinese Communist Party and made the political party grow stronger in numbers. The Kuomintang had also grown weaker economically wise because many businessmen had stopped supporting them. When inflation continued to get worse, the Kuomintang did little to help the cotton industrialists which was no good for them since cotton was really important to China’s industry. From the information provided, it is clear that Chiang Kai-Shek was not the best leader for the Kuomintang.It is often the leader who ends up making a group become a group that wants to help or a group with bad intentions. Through his actions, the Kuomintang had lost the civil war. Based on what we’re read, it can be said that Chiang Kai-Shek was a bad leader for the Kuomintang and that this political party was definitely better when it was under the control of its founder, Sun Yat-Sen
William Reis IB World History 12 10/24/14 Ms.Noce Word Count: 520
ANALYSIS
Hitler’s intervention was a significant action in the history of the Spanish Civil War. It was important not just between Spain and Germany but in the Western part of Europe also. As you know, After the first World War, a horrific battle, Germany was devastated economically, they were not moving forward, no jobs were being created and Germany had a huge debt to other countries, so its a question to ask, was it really worth for Hitler to get involved in the Spanish Civil war? Yes it was! it was a risk for both sides, a risk for the Nationalists and Germany because the Nationalists did not wanted to lose this battle against the Republicans and if the lost that means that the Nazi would of lost time and money and on the other side Germany was not even supposed to be getting involved with any source of war at all because of the Treaty of Versailles, it demanded Germany to stay out of trouble and just focus on paying the debt to the other countries. But then again, what attracted Hitler to be involved in this war was that Hitler saw many benefits that he would get while fighting with general Franco. Spain at that time was a land filled with resources and this was like gold for the Germans economy because this would generate a small industrial evolution in Germany with making money and creating jobs for German citizens. Hitler told General Franco that he would only help Nationalists with the battle if the Nationalists gave something to them in return and what they gave in return were sources like, iron ore and other minerals. Another point that makes this involvement of Hitler in the Spanish Civil War very essential is because this would permanently stop the spreading of the Communist theory in the Western Europe and this would enrich the relationship between Germany, Britain and France, because these two countries hated Germany!. Hitler was someone who never opposed the Communism in Germany after World War One. After World War one, Weimar Republic was a communist form of government that the population of Germany was not so happy with it. After the Nazis took over Hitler wanted to find a way to show Europe who the Nazi really were and getting involved in the Spanish Civil War was a great to introduce themselves and when they won that war it was even more of a bonus to show other nations how powerful the Nazis were even after the situation Germany was after World War One, they wanted to show what the Nazis were capable of. So this is the importance of Hitler’s involvement in the Spanish Civil War, which I personally think that getting involved in the Spanish Civil War was a way to promote the Nazism idea and power through out Europe. Hitler also had to see if it was really worth getting involved, if it will benefit Germany as whole which it did! With the win at the end of the war in 1939 was a even better picture for the Nazi for the other countries.
William Portorreal IB History 12 Ms. Noce IA Analysis Word Count: 500
The Spanish civil war was highly impacted by both Italy and Russia and it changed the outcome of the war completely. Italy and Russia both decided to join to the war for the benefit of their own country. Mussolini wanted to test out his army to see how well trained they were and also he wanted to gain Spain as an alliance. On the other hand Russia wanted to make Spain into a communist country and also gain Spain as an alliance as well. Before Italy and Russia had joined the war, the Spanish civil war was just the republicans versus the nationalists and Spanish army. The communists of Spain were so strong that they were defeating the nationalists until there as foreign intervention. After Italy and Russia along with a couple other countries joined the Spanish civil war the war when went from the communists winning to the nationalists. Part of the reason why is because Italy had sent so much more aid then Russia. Italy had well trained soldiers while Russia was just sending unprepared soldiers; also Italy sent much more military aid and weapons. What motivated Italy to help the nationalists of Spain win was because they wanted to use a piece of Spain as their military base and also Mussolini didn’t want Spain to become a communist’s country because that would mean that Spain would be enemies with Italy. Italy and Spain are right next to each other and it would be bad to have an enemy close to you because any major conflict could occur. Russia tried helping the communist with some other countries but it wasn’t enough support as Russia didn’t really send great help. Italy had impacted the communist in such a negative way that they couldn’t keep up with the nationalists. Italy and Russia were so motivated that they ignored the non intervention agreement which stated that no country could interfere in other war. The Soviet Union sent weapons and supplies to aid the Republicans in their struggle against the nationalists, but it was never as committed to the war as Italy. The Russian leader Stalin only sold enough supplies to the Republicans to keep them fighting and the weapons they sent were not enough. This is why the Spanish civil war turned out to be the way it did and the communists failed to fight against the nationalists. The person in lead of the nationalists was Franco and he received all the money from Italy and other countries on the nationalist’s side. During the war the communists started to fall apart and the nationalists started taking over territories in the republican side little by little until eventually they won the war. The nationalist’s side was much more organized than the communists. This is why Russia and Italy had the biggest affects on the Spanish civil war. If it wasn’t for foreign intervention than the republicans would have taken over the Spanish civil war and Spain would have been a communist country.
Mu Ying Yu IB World History 12 Ms. Noce Word Count: 559
Analysis How Foreign Trade Affected the Chinese Civil War
Kuomintang benefited from foreign trade, specifically from the United States. They got most of their support from cities and other urban areas. Thanks to foreign trade, many cities’ infrastructure greatly improved. Therefore, the Kuomintang got stronger but simultaneously lost support from rural areas. The Kuomintang was too focused in the development of cities and thus ignored the rural land and alienated its people. Since the Kuomintang don’t care about the rural anymore, therefore the Chinese Communist Party step in with their large army to controlled the rural hinterlands in North China. Its also a way for the CCP to gain support from rural people. In 1936, Sino-German cooperation’s Three-Year Plan was the most important industrial project at the time. The Chinese government’s National Resources Commission and the Hapro corporation was the one who controlled the project. This plan’s purpose was to develop an industrial powerhouse that is able to fight back the Japanese in a short time and a long term purpose was for the future Chinese industrial development. In 1934, before introducing the plan, they outline a barter agreement, where China had to provide raw materials to reciprocated German’s expertise and setting up equipements for the ventures. The project’s coast suppose be overrun but the good thing is that the tungsten price got doubled between 1932 and 1936, which it helps to paid the coast. On the other side, Germany wanted to continue the trade by increasing RM 100 million credit line to the Chinese government. One of the Three-Year Plan program help trained highly educated technocrats to run state-owned projects. Sino-German occupy 17% of China’s foreign trade exchange account. It make China became the third largest trading partner. The Three-Year Plan was very successful but unfortunately Japan will wipe out everything including the benefit.
In 1945, towards the end of the civil war the Kuomintang had a foreign trade with the United States. The Americans turned to KMT’s government for thirty-nine army division full equipment. But then the American dedicated $500 millions to the KMT Rehabilitation Administration's China aid program. Continued on 1946, both the United States and the Kuomintang had foreign trade relationship between each countries, where the U.S. provided money and benefits to the KMT and the KMT had to provided the U.S. ask for war supplies. The U.S. and the Chinese government signed a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation, where it was “folly for an economically underdeveloped country to grant such extensive commercial privileges to a partner as formidable as the U.S..” In Shanghai, there was a public statement issued by the Municipal Council arguing that people more likely to purchased local products rather than foreign products. In 1946, the downward spiral occurred, where the industries suffered from rising coast to now dependent on the foreign trade and foreign markets. Industries suffer from foreign competition such as drugs, paper, cement, and tobacco. The problems producer faced are declining demand due to a general reduction in real purchasing power; high labor costs; high interest rates; continuing increases in fuel, water, electric power, and freight costs; and increasing trade and production taxes. Those problems got solved toward the end 1947, according to the general contraction of industrial output of the real purchasing power is a significant portions of the urban population sharply declined. The government also continued on irrational tax system.
How did the KMT and CCP tolerate each other during their union for the Sino-Japanese war?
Right before the beginning of the second Sino Japanese War the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Kuomintang (KMT) were still in conflict; one major event during this time was the Long March.The long March was The CCP retreating from the attack of the KMT, which was ordered by their leader Chiang Kai-Shek at their base in Jiangxi and Fujian provinces in south-east China.Due to this attack they suffered heavy losses. The second Sino Japanese War began on July 7, 1937 and interrupted the Chinese Civil War. This all occurred due to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and the Rape of Nanking. What developed the alliance between the groups was the Shansi incident. During this incident Chiang Kai-Shek was captured in Shansi and was forced to agree to a united front with the Communists. The two groups had just finished The Long March and both sides were lacking in numbers of men and weapons.Knowing that two conflicting groups had called it quits for the Japanese invasion, there had to be something that was keeping them from hurting each other. And that was to win the people's Favor. What this interrupts is that when people see the two enemies working together they would be motivated to join and help them with the war, because the CCP and the KMT was fighting for their country. What started the war on July 7 was the Marco Polo Bridge incident. Japan used this incident as a scapegoat to advance into China. but was stop when the Chinese had realise their intentions. China fought fiercely and was able to to push the Japanese back. During the year of January 1939 the Chinese central government developed the Supreme National Defense Commission to satisfy the needs for total war in the War of Resistance.What was required was “to organize a unified party-political-military command agency so that the party-political efforts could be geared to military command the full effectiveness of joint action”. Due to this many new regulations were created and enforced.In all of the battles that took place between the Japanese and the CCP and KMT all of the defense commons were recorded. From the number of man to what position they would be during the battle.
Even though the KMT and the CCP were suppose allies did not hide the fact that they still wanted to eliminate each other. It wasn't that simple to just force two groups to a united front that were in the middle of a Civil War to be allies when the had so much hatred for each other. They were planning on using the Japanese to kill each other off. They still manage to put in some teamwork for example when they were on the battlefield The KMT fought the Japanese head on since they had more men and the CCP use galera warfare to attack the Japanese from behind.This proves that eve through the KMT and the CCP can achieve greatness together if they actually put there minds to it and really work as a team,
Shaquan Richards
ReplyDeleteIA: Analysis
IB World History
Word Count: 711
With the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) trying to transform Algeria into a democratic state, they were bound to get into a little trouble with this sort of process from rebeling groups that didn’t want change. These groups were the government and the military of Algeria. I can reason with the FIS and understand why they’d want to give people the power to vote. You can’t have the government and military being the ones mainly controlling the actions of people especially since there was a huge growth in the population. The FIS tried to turn the state democratic because they wanted to distribute power to the people, which is a reason the military quickly opposed because if the people of Algeria gained power then that would leave the military with less.
At first the government of Algeria was helping and supporting the FIS (previously stated in the summary of evidence). But then things took a turn for the worse (everything changed up) against the FIS and soon the government didn’t find the FIS fit to run Algeria and therefore resulted in them not wanting the FIS to run for a democracy for the state of Algeria. Things were going smoothly for the FIS when they were gaining votes from the people to make Algeria a democracy. Then the FIS had gotten attacked. They did not want to lower themselves to acts of aggression but sooner or later had no choice due to the fact that they were continuously getting attacked. The government claimed that the FIS cheated in their votes, which is suposably the reason why the FIS had been so successful and close to turning the state of Algeria into a democracy. This is what the government stated for their reasons for going against the FIS, “fundamentalism is incompatible with democracy; second the FIS stole their elections through fraud.” Everyone in the state of Algeria (the population, government even the fundamentalists) knew that they were in a crisis, which is why I do not understand why they soon went against the FIS when they were only trying to help better the state of Algeria by turning it into a democracy thus helping out their social crisis by giving the people some power.
The military only opposed against the FIS because they “did not want to relinquish their power.” So they were only against them for their own self interest. But in the beginning many military people had joined the FIS. So it seems like once they realized they were going to lose power was when they felt the need to abandon the FIS and oppose against them. This shows the struggle of a group in Algeria trying to do the right thing for their state and how people can turn against them.
“The FIS was good during the 1990s because the local and municipal elections were happening.” This is going back to how the government accused the FIS of stealing their elections through fraud and then pointed out how they were not fit to run a country. The name of the people opposing the FIS were called the Fundamentalist, and it was said that once they had power that they did not want to relinquish it (an example of how the military had a problem of sharing their power so they opposed). But this did not stop the FIS, they stated that they had demonstrated their commitment to turning Algeria into a democracy and how they were not going to stop trying until it had successfully been transformed. The FIS were commenting on everything people had to say about them. They said that it was hypocritical for anyone to try and go against a change for democracy (because it would give the people power). The people speaking on the behalf of the FIS (the FIS leaders) stated a concept of itjihad. Which means that no one has the monopoly on interpreting any kind of political order God had intended for humanity and how people had the right to rule so long as they do not violate the principles of faith. Then numerous leaders of the FIS had said after the election victory on December 1991 that this was a win for Islam and not democracy because Islam is incompatible with democracy.
Carlos Callejas
ReplyDelete10/22/14
Ms. Noce (202)
D. Analysis
The historical importance of assessing the situation of the Spanish Catholic Church in Spain comes from the fact that it shows how smaller groups who, despite disapproving of the policies or doctrines of greater powers, end up being engulfed by the major power. It also shows the conditions which force, perhaps innocent, groups to ally with powers that commit crimes against humanity and thus, make themselves a part of the crime as collaborators.
As presented by Lannon’s Privilege, Persecution, and Privilege, the Spanish Catholic Church was not an entity with homogenous political stances . For instance, on the far right was Archbishop Pedro Segura who advocated for something akin to a Theocracy . On the political left side were those who spoke out for the working class and clamoured for social reform.
Since this was the case, it would be relevant to presume that not all Catholics would join Franco’s revolutionaries. However, something shifted such naysayers’ minds, something overrode their political and religious sense of right, and they eventually came under Franco’s umbrella.
The reason for this sudden change of mind was not conviction that Fascism was the answer to their maladies, instead it was fear of the consequences of not joining the Fascists. As Lannon stated, anti-church entities broke out in violence as soon as the war began, and massacred members of the Catholic Church . Furthermore, the word Persecution in the title refers to this period in time, when Catholics were persecuted by Republicans and Anarchists at the dawn of war.
This suggests that the reason the Catholic Church joined Franco was not a choice, but a necessity during times of intense violence against Church members. Some gladly welcomed Franco’s anti Republican ideas and were allied to him prior to the uprising . Others resisted for longer but had to adapt to survive during times of war.
However, the maximum authority in the Catholic hierarchy, the Pope, thought otherwise. Fattorini’s book proves that Pope Pius XI’s stance on Fascism was that of utter disgust and dismay . He issued a message to General Franco in order to express his feelings about Franco’s actions and ,to an extent, Fascism and dictatorship in general. As we can see from this work, the most influential and authoritative person in the ecclesiastical order promoted the opposition to Fascist regimes and condemned the idea of revolution as an affront towards God. Regardless, Pius’ voice of peace was muffled by the brick walls surrounding him. His Holiness was encircled by Fascism, most of the Catholic authorities around him favored Mussolini. By then, the Fascist carpet was spread wide and far. Those who resisted were crushed and many were left with no choice but to give in during these turbulent times.
However, as Thomas Bokenkotter has shown, there were Catholics who challenged the Fascist trend and advocated for Democracy; Luigi Sturzo was one such Catholics . This proves that Fascism did not go unchallenged by Catholics, but the problem with his account is that it never mentions Spain nor any Spanish Catholic revolutionaries.
WORD COUNT: 546
Victor Harris
ReplyDeleteWordCount:516
Analysis
The economy was bad, for lot's of reasons; which was a big one with education. In other word's people not going to school or getting jobs will affect the nation has a whole. This was called the "Black Society" in which in the book "Sons of the Revolution" by Llang Heng and Judith Sharpie; the denfition in their own words is "the society on which Chinese students don't go to school". This was would bring China down because if the people don't go to school, how would they supply jobs if the person isn't getting the right education. The way China is now, you wouldn't image the stuff that was going on, or on why nobody was going to school;China's rate was dropping. This would turn into kids, most likely teenagers going to war because there was nothing else to do, reason why the dropout rate was high. This would lead to kids getting killed because they chose not to do the work.
Before the turn around there were leader's that wasn't good at being one and their duties as they were suppose to do. These leaders could of did better and reason why they were in trouble. Mao some can say or people will conclude he is the best leader that happen to China ; the way he changed it around and fought against the KMT. In the book "Prelude to Revolution " by Richard Baum talks about the leadership that Mao had as general. One major tool he did was long marches for people in China who had the same vision as him. His leadership was very good for China and more people started to progress to like him. He wanted to do it in a peaceful way and not in violence, which was better for the economy because China economy wasn't good so couldn't go to war. The best tactic that Mao did was the Long March, which brought his legacy up because of the help he gave to people in China. Unlike other leader's he was more serious and not clumsy as I would refer to the other leaders. He seen a problem, and also the problems with the economy and went to fix them. Most of the problems was with the KMT because of the different views they had from each other;for us today it's like democratic versus republican.
In also trying to gather other area's to grow better was one of Mao's ideas because to expand the nation would be more money coming in. Getting the Western Sides, for example getting oil was a big factor;ever nation wanted this and would spend a lot just to get the oil because it is crucial. Getting this from "China the Other Communist" by K.S Karol in which these facts are related to bringing China economy up. In this one also talks about the relation on how Mao came to power but basically was off bad leadership other's did and great movement's he caused.
Jalexis Ruiz
ReplyDeleteIA : Analysis
Ms.noce
IB History 12
word count :520
With the help of Mussolini and Hitler, Franco seem to have more power. Hitler was just like Franco he was a dictator always wanting to lead and take control. General Franco received a lot of help from fascist and monarchist and from the nazi party. They left nearly half a million dead. They worked together to dominate everyone and be the leaders of the civil war. Nationalist took major part in the spanish civil war from 1936-1939. I can connect with this because if it was me I would want something out of this myself. That is a reason why Mussolini and Hitler took place in this action to get something of out the action that they did with General Franco. General Franco let them help him so that he would be able to get more powerful and get more respect from people. He was a very strong impact on a lot of people. Nationalist prevailed when it came to the civil war. It was then led by Franco and the government fought for control of their country. They were rebels they got what they wanted they didn't hesitate to do what they need to accomplish they made it happen. The nationalists got materials that were needed for war and also soldiers from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The way that they all connect to work together is that mussolini was his own leader of a nationalist party so he knew what to do, hitler was a dictator he knew what to do he had the plans. The three man connected with each other to help the nationalist in the Spanish Civil war.General Franco wanted to protect Spain from liberal act among the powers of other armies. Hitler wanted to gain power and unite all german speaking people together, and Mussolini wanted to expand Italys power and strength. All three of them both say that nationalism leads into fascism. Hitler and Mussolini both rose to power in similar ways, they fought side by side in world war two. Hitler drove events and mussolini just followed basically. General Franco admired Hitler he thought if he and hitler got together it would be a good thing. Hitler sent plans to spain when General Franco sent an urgent request for help. Mussolini and Hitler provided substantial aid , as in weapons and men to fight. My question was why did Hitler help Franco when france was his enemy? Hitler used Spain as a testing ground for german military forces. Spain and Germany were very close now after the outbreak of the second world war that was coming up. Franco wanted Hitler and Mussolini to join him in his Fascism victory. Hitler was the one that made General Franco join him in war. Hitler was very smart he wanted to keep the french empire very close. Franco and Mussolini had vicious people that discriminate against the nazi party. After all of this Falange remained important. In spain Falange was a political organization that the spanish civil war used. This shows how Mussolini and Hitler helped General France with the nationalist in the civil war.
Madelis Mejia
ReplyDeleteMs. Noce
IB History 12
Nov. 3, 2014
Analysis
The importance of this investigation is to discover the similarities and differences of the strategies used by Mao Zedong compared to the failures of the Kuomintang that resulted in the victory for the Chinese Communist Party in 1949. Mao used many strategies that led his group to victory. For example, winning supporters, teaching new methods, expanding their territory, advance usage of technology, and revenge. Some of the failures of the Kuomintang was; gaining enough supporters, teamwork, and failing to notice and stop the Chinese Communist Parties strategies. Both, strategies of Mao Zedong and the failures of the Kuomintang have impacts on the ending of the Chinese Civil War. For example, if the Kuomintang worked together as a team; not going against each other, staying faithful to each other and listening to each other, then they would be able to focus more on how to win victory of China. The Kuomintang wasted time planning against each other when they could have been planning together to bring the Chinese Communist Party down. Another failure that the Kuomintang could of avoided and win victory in the Chinese Civil War was trying to figure out the Chinese Communist Party’s strategies and try to be one step ahead of them. This would have been extra work to be one step ahead of the Chinese Communist Party. However, it would led to victory of the Chinese Civil War for the Kuomintang. Before the official separation of both groups they were once working together. They tried to split the power evenly. However, this didn’t go as plan because both groups had such different beliefs on what should be done. A way the Kuomintang could have kept one step ahead of the Chinese Communist Party could have been by letting the Chinese Communist Party believe that the Kuomintang is on their side, listen to their strategies and learn how they think as a group. With this information, the Kuomintang could have been one step ahead of the Chinese Communist Party and they would have had a mindset of the Chinese Communist Party’s strategies. This could have been one way that the Kuomintang could have won victory in China. Mao’s strategies have impacts on the result of the Chinese Civil War. Mao was a very straightforward guy. He kept everything professional. He was a great leader for the Chinese Communist party and extremely strategic. If Mao were to act and have had a completely opposite mindset, the Chinese Communist Party Would not have won victory in China. Mao’s strategies were extremely important and to the victory of the Chinese Communist Party because they were very thought out and all of Mao’s strategies helped farther the chances of winning the Victory of China. In conclusion, the strategies conducted by Mao Zedong and the failures of Kuomintang were very important in the history of the Chinese Civil War because both is what led to the Chinese Communist Party to victory in 1949.
Word Count: 536
Erick Volquez
ReplyDeleteIB History 12
Ms. Noce
Internal Assessment Analysis
Word count: 564
In order to really understand the basis of the paper, we need to find the importance of the investigation based on the historical context. The Spanish civil war was a tremendous impact to not only Spain but really on Europe itself. If we look at James M. Anderson’s book, we see how there is a intertwine between nations; Italy, Germany and Russia. Hitler wanted to introduce Nazism in Spain threw politics and social revolution. Although Franco was more of the ‘Man in battle’ type, he let Hitler introduce Nazism into Spain and do his work. Germany didn’t occupy the land of Spain, that would have been an extreme move but they did keep track of making sure that the Message of Germany was portrayed in Spain. Fascist Italy also had a good relationship with Spain. Fascist Italy wanted to empower the ideas of Franco in Spain to keep away the rebels from having any power over Franco’s Plans with the country. There was a quote that the rebels used which was “Las Garras de el invasor Italiano pretende esclavizarnos” “the claws of the Italian invasion want to make us slaves”. Mussolini gave hand in hand combat materials to Franco with the promise that there would land given to him in Africa. Another country that supported Franco was Russia. Soviet Russia supported the Republic of Spain but didn’t take any actions like Germany and Italy did by going in Spain. Is Important to see that the world was transfixed, the civil war was the focus point of the world turning it into an emotional atmosphere. If we analyze the evidence given to us of the civil war we see that there is a lot to really understand. The Basis of the war didn’t only rely on having the war being fought; it really comes from the origins and why it happened including the later outcomes. The Spanish civil war was the center of attention in the mid 1930’s. The world recognized that this was a major problem because it was a war fought between the same people! Sure there were other civil wars but to have Franco be supported by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy is something more powerful. The Ideas of Nazism and Fascism where not tolerated by many democratic countries like the United States; although they stayed neutral, they still watched carefully what Germany and Italy where doing. Chis Ealham’s edited book the splintering of Spain brings forward evidence for how Spaniards suffered due to this war. I think it is important to investigate the historical basis of this. The Spaniards thought that having Nazi beliefs implanted on the country was going to bring Political distortion and Fascist Italy would make them slaves. I think that this was a matter of being afraid; already having to deal with Franco and his regime, on top of that other supportive countries made things worst. We could interpret United States’ non actions towards Spain as an act of lack in ability to help them. Some may disagree but to have a country be the center of attention and to have a country that could have done something about it it’s unacceptable; but yet again since they declared themselves as neutral, no one judged them for this. We can see what role the world played into contributing to Spain (Italy and Germany) and what it didn’t do.
Germairy Roman
ReplyDeleteAnalysis
Word Count: 532
This historical investigation is determining whether or not the Chinese Civil War was provoked by Sun Yat-sen and also whether or not Sun Yat-sen succeeded by Chiang Kai-Shek. I evaluated different works in my summary of evidence that are useful in answering my research question.
Sun Yat-sen's early life is documented in the work Sun Yat-sen frustrated Patriot by C. Martin Wilbur and I find that to be relevant in deciding whether or not the Chinese Civil War was provoked by him. When Sun Yat-sen was living in America with his brother, he in a way became westernized and that could have changed his perspective on issues concerning China. Sun becoming westernized made him unable to adjust to adjust to China’s restrictions causing controversy.# Sun's perspective being changed could have hurt China's image because he seemed like a different person and it weakened him as a leader which may have played a part in sparking the Chinese Civil War. Like I mentioned in my summary of evidence, Sun's childhood and the ideology that he follows definitely plays a part in determining whether or not the Chinese Civil War was provoked by him. All leaders do not share the same ideology so that can cause rivalries between nations. Leaders may have had completely different ideologies than Sun Yat-sen which can spark up a Civil War.
The relationship between different nations provoke Civil Wars. The Japanese and Sun Yat-sen by Marius B. Jensen explains China's relationship with Japan. The book claims that China and Japan were not enemies which is incredibly significant because it tells me that it did not provoke the Chinese Civil War. This work also talks about the Kuomintang and the Chinese Nationalist Party. The revolutionaries tried to worry Chinese officials by threatening Japan.# This is significant because it shows that China and Japan were allies and that the act of threatening could provoke a Civil War. Since Sun Yat-sen was the leader at the time, it would be said that he provoked the Chinese Civil War.
Warlord Politics in China 1916-1928 by Hsi-Cheng Ch'i talks about the KMT and also the relationship between Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-Shek which is relevant to my research question. Researching their relationship helps me determine if Sun Yat-sen was succeeded by Chiang Kai-Shek. Sun Yat-sen founded the Kuomintang in 1894 and Chiang Kai-shek took over control of the KMT after Sun's death in 1925. This makes sense because they were both close allies.
The Kuomintang and the Chinese Nationalist party arguing could have provoked the Chinese Civil War. The Kuomintang and the Future of the Chinese Revolution by T.C. Woo explains the relationship between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Nationalist Party. Both parties came together to help China out of her issues and make her powerful. Both parties were able to compromise and come to an agreement in order to better China as a nation. If China was able to become free of enemies then both parties would feel like they got their jobs done. Observing the relationship between both parties is significant because I can see if the Civil War was sparked because the parties had problems or disagreements among each other.
Junior FanFan
ReplyDeleteMs.Noce
IB History
Analysis
Word Count: 532
The FLN was significant during the Algerian war for either good causes or bad ones. Before the Algerian war took place the FLN lived amongst the Algerian people. For Example French kids would go to school with the Algerian kids and the adults would get jobs and be normal with the Algerian people. When the Algerian war takes place the Algerian started not to trust most of the French that approved of the Algerian people being controlled.
The Algerian war took place but before the war the FLN and the French took Algeria as territory, use for more land, and their resources. The role that the FLN played during the Algerian civil war was to try and reason with the higher French power on why they tried to hurt the Algerian people. The Algerian felt that enough was enough and that they should be there own independent country and get freedom from the French. But the French didn’t want that to happen at first so that’s what started the war between the French and the Algerians.
The FLN felt that how the French was treating the Algerians during the war was wrong that why they tried to fight and stop the war and get Algeria to become independent. For example the French was just using Algeria and when they were done with Algeria they was going to just abandon them and leave them without a government and no power to control them. So that’s when the west looked to Osama Bin Laden as a higher power because he felt the peoples pain and felt that he can get them back to a good state but that failed when he got into power because he started to abuse his power. The FLN also did a lot of things to help protect the Algerian people when the FLN knew they couldn’t defeat the French on their own they got help from outside forces like Morocco and Tunisia.
Tunisia and Morocco were willing to help Algeria fight the French because France did the same thing to Tunisia. They came and took their land from them and controlled them until they fought back and kicked the French out of Tunisia. When they got help from them thats when Algeria felt that they were strong enough now to retaliate against first the French army that took their powers into their own hands and would torture and have there way with the hostages that they took. They used really cruel torture to get what they wanted from the Algerian people. After they were done with the army they went after the government and tried to stop them from terrorizing the Algerian people.
The National Liberation Front (FLN) had many massacres like the Oran massacre of 1962 which says that about 4,300 French were killed during this battle by the French soldiers. This shows you how the FLN put there people on the line to fight for a country that wasn't even there native country. The FLN did really play a huge part in trying to help the Algerian people during the war and to stop the French government.
Samantha Foster
ReplyDeleteInternal Assessment
Ms.Noce
11-3-14
Word Count:502
The Kuomintang was a Chinese political party founded in 1919. During this time, the Kuomintang was under the influence of two leaders. Sun Yat-Sen was the founder of the Kuomintang as well as leader until his death. Chiang Kai-Shek followed into Sun Yat-Sen’s footsteps and became the next Kuomintang leader. The importance of this investigation is to show how the Kuomintang was heavily impacted by their leaders. From evidence that was provided, it is clear the the kuomintang was more productive and had a better image when it was under Sun Yat-Sen’s leadership. Chiang Kai-Shek did not live up to his predecessor. Instead, He got the Kuomintang involved with gangs and many people within the Chinese Mafia. Chiang-Kai Shek was known for having friends in dark places and was one of the reasons why the Kuomintang became so corrupt. This investigation was also important because it shows that because of Chiang Kai-Shek’s corrupt ways, the Kuomintang lost the civil war between them and the chinese communist party. The Kuomintang and the Chinese communist party decided to call a truce and united together to defeat Japanese forces in world war 2. Shortly after the war, tensions between the two political parties had risen once again. The Kuomintang could have stood a chance against the Chinese communist party if Chiang Kai-Shek hadn’t made foolish mistakes. For one thing, after the japanese forces had been destroyed, the Kuomintang drastically reduced the number of Kuomintang soldiers. These soldiers left unemployed and upset with the Kuomintang, decided to work for the Chinese Communist Party and made the political party grow stronger in numbers. The Kuomintang had also grown weaker economically wise because many businessmen had stopped supporting them. When inflation continued to get worse, the Kuomintang did little to help the cotton industrialists which was no good for them since cotton was really important to China’s industry. From the information provided, it is clear that Chiang Kai-Shek was not the best leader for the Kuomintang.It is often the leader who ends up making a group become a group that wants to help or a group with bad intentions. Through his actions, the Kuomintang had lost the civil war. Based on what we’re read, it can be said that Chiang Kai-Shek was a bad leader for the Kuomintang and that this political party was definitely better when it was under the control of its founder, Sun Yat-Sen
William Reis
ReplyDeleteIB World History 12
10/24/14
Ms.Noce
Word Count: 520
ANALYSIS
Hitler’s intervention was a significant action in the history of the Spanish Civil War. It was important not just between Spain and Germany but in the Western part of Europe also. As you know, After the first World War, a horrific battle, Germany was devastated economically, they were not moving forward, no jobs were being created and Germany had a huge debt to other countries, so its a question to ask, was it really worth for Hitler to get involved in the Spanish Civil war? Yes it was! it was a risk for both sides, a risk for the Nationalists and Germany because the Nationalists did not wanted to lose this battle against the Republicans and if the lost that means that the Nazi would of lost time and money and on the other side Germany was not even supposed to be getting involved with any source of war at all because of the Treaty of Versailles, it demanded Germany to stay out of trouble and just focus on paying the debt to the other countries. But then again, what attracted Hitler to be involved in this war was that Hitler saw many benefits that he would get while fighting with general Franco. Spain at that time was a land filled with resources and this was like gold for the Germans economy because this would generate a small industrial evolution in Germany with making money and creating jobs for German citizens. Hitler told General Franco that he would only help Nationalists with the battle if the Nationalists gave something to them in return and what they gave in return were sources like, iron ore and other minerals. Another point that makes this involvement of Hitler in the Spanish Civil War very essential is because this would permanently stop the spreading of the Communist theory in the Western Europe and this would enrich the relationship between Germany, Britain and France, because these two countries hated Germany!. Hitler was someone who never opposed the Communism in Germany after World War One. After World War one, Weimar Republic was a communist form of government that the population of Germany was not so happy with it. After the Nazis took over Hitler wanted to find a way to show Europe who the Nazi really were and getting involved in the Spanish Civil War was a great to introduce themselves and when they won that war it was even more of a bonus to show other nations how powerful the Nazis were even after the situation Germany was after World War One, they wanted to show what the Nazis were capable of. So this is the importance of Hitler’s involvement in the Spanish Civil War, which I personally think that getting involved in the Spanish Civil War was a way to promote the Nazism idea and power through out Europe. Hitler also had to see if it was really worth getting involved, if it will benefit Germany as whole which it did! With the win at the end of the war in 1939 was a even better picture for the Nazi for the other countries.
William Portorreal
ReplyDeleteIB History 12
Ms. Noce
IA Analysis
Word Count: 500
The Spanish civil war was highly impacted by both Italy and Russia and it changed the outcome of the war completely. Italy and Russia both decided to join to the war for the benefit of their own country. Mussolini wanted to test out his army to see how well trained they were and also he wanted to gain Spain as an alliance. On the other hand Russia wanted to make Spain into a communist country and also gain Spain as an alliance as well. Before Italy and Russia had joined the war, the Spanish civil war was just the republicans versus the nationalists and Spanish army.
The communists of Spain were so strong that they were defeating the nationalists until there as foreign intervention. After Italy and Russia along with a couple other countries joined the Spanish civil war the war when went from the communists winning to the nationalists. Part of the reason why is because Italy had sent so much more aid then Russia. Italy had well trained soldiers while Russia was just sending unprepared soldiers; also Italy sent much more military aid and weapons. What motivated Italy to help the nationalists of Spain win was because they wanted to use a piece of Spain as their military base and also Mussolini didn’t want Spain to become a communist’s country because that would mean that Spain would be enemies with Italy.
Italy and Spain are right next to each other and it would be bad to have an enemy close to you because any major conflict could occur. Russia tried helping the communist with some other countries but it wasn’t enough support as Russia didn’t really send great help. Italy had impacted the communist in such a negative way that they couldn’t keep up with the nationalists. Italy and Russia were so motivated that they ignored the non intervention agreement which stated that no country could interfere in other war. The Soviet Union sent weapons and supplies to aid the Republicans in their struggle against the nationalists, but it was never as committed to the war as Italy. The Russian leader Stalin only sold enough supplies to the Republicans to keep them fighting and the weapons they sent were not enough. This is why the Spanish civil war turned out to be the way it did and the communists failed to fight against the nationalists.
The person in lead of the nationalists was Franco and he received all the money from Italy and other countries on the nationalist’s side. During the war the communists started to fall apart and the nationalists started taking over territories in the republican side little by little until eventually they won the war. The nationalist’s side was much more organized than the communists. This is why Russia and Italy had the biggest affects on the Spanish civil war. If it wasn’t for foreign intervention than the republicans would have taken over the Spanish civil war and Spain would have been a communist country.
Mu Ying Yu
ReplyDeleteIB World History 12
Ms. Noce
Word Count: 559
Analysis
How Foreign Trade Affected the Chinese Civil War
Kuomintang benefited from foreign trade, specifically from the United States. They got most of their support from cities and other urban areas. Thanks to foreign trade, many cities’ infrastructure greatly improved. Therefore, the Kuomintang got stronger but simultaneously lost support from rural areas. The Kuomintang was too focused in the development of cities and thus ignored the rural land and alienated its people. Since the Kuomintang don’t care about the rural anymore, therefore the Chinese Communist Party step in with their large army to controlled the rural hinterlands in North China. Its also a way for the CCP to gain support from rural people.
In 1936, Sino-German cooperation’s Three-Year Plan was the most important industrial project at the time. The Chinese government’s National Resources Commission and the Hapro corporation was the one who controlled the project. This plan’s purpose was to develop an industrial powerhouse that is able to fight back the Japanese in a short time and a long term purpose was for the future Chinese industrial development. In 1934, before introducing the plan, they outline a barter agreement, where China had to provide raw materials to reciprocated German’s expertise and setting up equipements for the ventures. The project’s coast suppose be overrun but the good thing is that the tungsten price got doubled between 1932 and 1936, which it helps to paid the coast. On the other side, Germany wanted to continue the trade by increasing RM 100 million credit line to the Chinese government. One of the Three-Year Plan program help trained highly educated technocrats to run state-owned projects. Sino-German occupy 17% of China’s foreign trade exchange account. It make China became the third largest trading partner. The Three-Year Plan was very successful but unfortunately Japan will wipe out everything including the benefit.
In 1945, towards the end of the civil war the Kuomintang had a foreign trade with the United States. The Americans turned to KMT’s government for thirty-nine army division full equipment. But then the American dedicated $500 millions to the KMT Rehabilitation Administration's China aid program. Continued on 1946, both the United States and the Kuomintang had foreign trade relationship between each countries, where the U.S. provided money and benefits to the KMT and the KMT had to provided the U.S. ask for war supplies. The U.S. and the Chinese government signed a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation, where it was “folly for an economically underdeveloped country to grant such extensive commercial privileges to a partner as formidable as the U.S..” In Shanghai, there was a public statement issued by the Municipal Council arguing that people more likely to purchased local products rather than foreign products.
In 1946, the downward spiral occurred, where the industries suffered from rising coast to now dependent on the foreign trade and foreign markets. Industries suffer from foreign competition such as drugs, paper, cement, and tobacco. The problems producer faced are declining demand due to a general reduction in real purchasing power; high labor costs; high interest rates; continuing increases in fuel, water, electric power, and freight costs; and increasing trade and production taxes. Those problems got solved toward the end 1947, according to the general contraction of industrial output of the real purchasing power is a significant portions of the urban population sharply declined. The government also continued on irrational tax system.
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ReplyDeleteDinia Clairveaux
ReplyDeleteMs. Noce
IB History 12
11/3/14
word count: 512
Analysis
How did the KMT and CCP tolerate each other during their union for the Sino-Japanese war?
Right before the beginning of the second Sino Japanese War the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Kuomintang (KMT) were still in conflict; one major event during this time was the Long March.The long March was The CCP retreating from the attack of the KMT, which was ordered by their leader Chiang Kai-Shek at their base in Jiangxi and Fujian provinces in south-east China.Due to this attack they suffered heavy losses. The second Sino Japanese War began on July 7, 1937 and interrupted the Chinese Civil War. This all occurred due to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and the Rape of Nanking.
What developed the alliance between the groups was the Shansi incident. During this incident Chiang Kai-Shek was captured in Shansi and was forced to agree to a united front with the Communists. The two groups had just finished The Long March and both sides were lacking in numbers of men and weapons.Knowing that two conflicting groups had called it quits for the Japanese invasion, there had to be something that was keeping them from hurting each other. And that was to win the people's Favor. What this interrupts is that when people see the two enemies working together they would be motivated to join and help them with the war, because the CCP and the KMT was fighting for their country. What started the war on July 7 was the Marco Polo Bridge incident. Japan used this incident as a scapegoat to advance into China. but was stop when the Chinese had realise their intentions. China fought fiercely and was able to to push the Japanese back. During the year of January 1939 the Chinese central government developed the Supreme National Defense Commission to satisfy the needs for total war in the War of Resistance.What was required was “to organize a unified party-political-military command agency so that the party-political efforts could be geared to military command the full effectiveness of joint action”. Due to this many new regulations were created and enforced.In all of the battles that took place between the Japanese and the CCP and KMT all of the defense commons were recorded. From the number of man to what position they would be during the battle.
Even though the KMT and the CCP were suppose allies did not hide the fact that they still wanted to eliminate each other. It wasn't that simple to just force two groups to a united front that were in the middle of a Civil War to be allies when the had so much hatred for each other. They were planning on using the Japanese to kill each other off. They still manage to put in some teamwork for example when they were on the battlefield The KMT fought the Japanese head on since they had more men and the CCP use galera warfare to attack the Japanese from behind.This proves that eve through the KMT and the CCP can achieve greatness together if they actually put there minds to it and really work as a team,