Please use the handout I distributed in class to answer the following seven questions. DO NOT plagiarize. This blog is due Sunday night at 9:00 p.m. Also, BE prepared for a map of Europe VERY soon!
- Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet Pact.
- “It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five Year Plan and the issue of famine.
- Why did Stalin want to Purge the Red Army? Provide me examples of who he targeted and why?
- How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik?
- How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy?
- Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
1. The reason why Martemyan Ryutin criticizes Stalin was because his country was under a very dangerous crisis and all Stalin did was remove all of the best people who were able to help improve Russia. He made Russia "the most ungovernable adventurism and wild personal arbitrariness." Ryutin says that Stalin can't compare to Lenin, Engels, and Marx. Lenin was a leader, and Stalin was a dictator. Ryutin dislikes Stalin because he was not being a leader and all his ideas ended with violence. Ryutin wants to take action to take down Stalin and bring someone who will be act leader, not act dictator. Ryutin wrote a book criticizing Stalin and when it became public many read it and turned against Stalin. When Stalin found out what was going on, the supporters of Ryutin were expelled from the Communist Party and Ryutin was executed along with Gregory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev for betraying him.
ReplyDelete2. Stalin started to become paranoid that Hitler was going to attack the Soviet Union. So he came up with the idea to make an alliance with countries in the west. Stalin believed that Hitler would not attack a United Europe. However, Neville Chamberlain, the minister of Britain, denied the alliance because he knew that the only reason why Stalin wanted to ally with them was so that they can protect them. Winston Churchill, a critic in Britain, supported Stalin. He believed that with all of the western countries coming together they will be able to go against Hitler and have a possibility of winning against him. Stalin thought the reason why Britain rejected his alliance was because they were in an alliance with Germany plotting against them. Stalin knew that if he had any chance to victory with Germany he had to build a better army. But he needed time to do so. He created a peace treaty with Germany so he can have a little extra time to build his army. This was when the Nazi-Soviet pact was created in 1939 in Moscow. This pact was possible only if both countries agreed not to go against each other if they were involved in a war.
3. The 5 year plan made it required for the peasants not to eat. The government took all of the peasant’s food away. They were left to starve. It was said in the packet that there witnesses who saw peasants whose body was swollen from now eating. There was the smell of death everywhere. I think that the quote "but it is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the five year plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia." Means that the bread is what gives the peasants the energy to work in the factories and the government took that away from them. So now the peasants have to suffer and be broke because they are not in good condition to be working. There were 9 peasants living in one room. They didn't have enough money to buy their own living space so they had to all come together and pay together.
4. The reason why Stalin wanted to purge against the Red Army was because he believe that the Red Army was "planning a military coup at the time." However, Leopold Trepper, a spy in Germany, believe that the evidence that Stalin has was planted by someone who worked for Hitler and Stalin. Stalin always believed that the leaders of the Red Army wanted to overthrow him. In 1937 Mikhail Tukhachevsky and others involved with Germany was convicted with conspiracy with Germany. William Stephenson, head of the British security coordination, discovered that Heydrich had 32 documents proving that the Nazis forged the letters to Stalin's armed forces. This event make it clear to Stalin to stop the alliance he has with Germany. Stalin executed Tukhachevsky for betraying him in 1937.
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ReplyDelete5. Stalin became a committed Bolshevik because he wrote a letter to Lenin, he was a Bolshevik, stating that the Mensheviks will always be opposed to the Bolsheviks and that they will always find a way to defeat them. In the letter Stalin also wrote that they need to do whatever it takes to defeat the Mensheviks and to repulse them. He did the work of 3 people all by himself and create plans to keep the Mensheviks away as far as possible. Lenin was very impressed with Stalin's determination and invited him to meet in Finland. This was when Stalin became a committed Bolshevik.
ReplyDelete6. When Stalin was informed that there was a shortfall in the grain supplies he immediately ordered for the small farmers to come together. He believed that this would increase the production. However, the farmers didn't want to share the money that they made. They wanted it all to their self. Stalin was furious and confiscated the farmers land and turned it into a collective farm. "Stalin decided that he would use his control over the country to modernize the economy.” He created the first Five Year Plan in 1928. This plan focused on increasing the development of steel, iron, transport, electric power, and machine tools. He wanted these the coal industry to increase by 111%. He wanted the iron industry to improve by 200%. He also wanted the election power industry to increase by 335%. In order to influence people to follow his commands he threaten the people that if they don't make this happen then the Soviet Union wouldn't be able to defend themselves in and invasion.
7. It was said that Zinoviev and Kamenev and 14 other defendants were involved in an assassination of Kirov. However there was no hardcore proof that they were involved. Since there wasn't good enough evidence they were convicted from "moral complicity". Zinoviev had to spend 10 years in jail and Kamenev had to spend 5 years in jail. Nikolai Yezhov tried to get Zinoviev to confess that they attempt to kill Stalin and the rest of the people in the Politburo. Yezhov threaten Zinoviev and said that if he don't confess he will be executed. However, he still rejected to confess. Yezhov tried to threaten Kamenev with the same threats and Kamenev didn't confess either. Yezhov told Kamenev and Zinoviev that if their children had something to do with the assassination they will be tried as an adult. They both agreed to confess immediately. Kamenev confessed that organized and guided the conspiracy to assassinate Stalin. His motive was that he wanted power like Stalin. Zinoviev confessed that he is guilty of being the principal organizing the assassination. Vasily Ulrikh, the judge, sentenced all the defendants to death by shooting.
Work Cited
Joseph Stalin Packet
William Reis
ReplyDeleteIB History
Ms.Noce
1/9/15
1. Why did Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joseph Stalin?
- Martemyan Ryutin was born in Siberia, on February 13, he was born to a low class peasant class back then in 1890. After he was a grown up he became a Russian Marxist and he was well known in Russian for the strong critique toward Stalin. The reason why he never liked Stalin was because of Stalin’s new idea of Peasantry, the collectivization and the Five year plan. Ryutin disliked him so much that he wrote a 200 page document criticizing Stalin, this document was prepared all by himself and was discreetly distributed around the government. After all the criticizing towards Stalin, Ryutin was finally capture by the “secret police” in 1930 and he was sentenced to be against “counterrevolutionary”. Surprisingly, Ryutin was not executed, but years later in 1937 or 38 he was executed.
2. Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet Pact.
- It’s ironic that this happened between these two rival countries. Russia feared that Germany would eventually invade them. So Stalin wanted to create an agreement with Hitler that Hitler would not start any conflict with Russia. At first, Stalin wanted a anti-fascist agreement but it never happened, the British rejected. Stalin knows that a war between Russia and Germany could not happen, regardless, Stalin still felt suspicious and he wanted to build up an army just for safety, adding on to what I said, Stalin tried everything to stall so he could have time to build up an Army. In 1939 the Nazi-Soviet Pact was finally signed in the Capital of Russia and the arrangement was that both nations shall be neutral if war broke out.
3. “It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five Year Plan and the issue of famine.
- This announce was said by Gareth Jones in 1933. This report caught quiet of attention of Russia as a whole and it was a supporting statement for the Great Famine where innumerable amount of people died of hunger. Jones believe that the Five Year plan was just not what it really was, it completely ruined the ‘Russian Agriculture’. Jones support his argument by visiting villages and describing the negative and horrible things he saw. The report was carefully analyzed and the people who analyzed this report claimed to be false and that Jones is “a liar”
4. Why did Stalin want to Purge the Red Army? Provide me examples of who he targeted and why?
- Stalin’s main reason to purge the Red Army was that he had a theory that the Red Army was planning a military revolution against Stalin himself. Now an example of someone that was targeted during the Purge was Mikhail Tukhachevsky, he was one of the 8 top commanders of the Red Army and he was charged of “conspiracy with Germany.”. Later on, Tukhachevsky was executed for betraying Stalin.
5. How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik?
- Stalin becoming a true Bolshevik was quite interesting. The way that he became a Bolshevik was that he wrote a letter to Lenin which says: "I'm overdue with my letter, comrade. There's been neither the time nor the will to write. For the whole period it's been necessary to travel around the Caucasus, speak in debates, encourage comrades, etc. Everywhere the Mensheviks have been on the offensive and we've needed to repulse them. We've hardly had any personnel.... and so I've needed to do the work of three individuals... Our situation is as followers. Tiflis is almost completely in the hands of the Mensheviks. Half of Baku and Batumi is also with the Mensheviks” Lenin was very impressed for Lenin achievements that he made and so he set up a meeting with Stalin in Finland in 1905 which was the year Staling became a Bolshevik. Almost feels like submitting a resume for a job huh?
6. How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy?
ReplyDelete- As we know, Russia was a country that was all the way in the back of the race. Russia was not a organized country. When Stalin was in power, his goal was to revolutionize Russia. He wanted to catch up with the other Nations that were years ahead of him. Stalin did this by creating the Five Year plans in which was a strategy to start the revolution in Russia. There were numerous Five year plans, there 12 to be exact. The first Five year plan was launched in 1928 and it actually worked quite well when Russia were finally having changed after all. The five year plan focused on multiple areas of factors that would revolutionize Russia as a whole.
7. Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
- Members of the Communist party that were included in the Trial was Leonid Nikolayev and Lev Kamenev were both accused of assassinating Kirov. They believe this was was a start for them to get their way up to Stalin and actually assassinate Stalin! The thing with this trial was that both men did not confess their murder of Kirov. After multiple attempts of trying to get them to confess the murder they caused, Yezhov told both men that their children instead would actually face the conspiracy charge and eventually be executed. After this, they finally began to cooperate well in the trials. In 1936. These two mens and 14 other people were all executed. “Joseph Stalin could not afford for any witness to the conspiracy to remain alive.
WORK CITED:
Joseph Stalin Packet
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteCarlos Callejas
ReplyDelete1. Why did Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joseph Stalin?
Martemyan Ryutin (Pronounced “vodka dzhigryedzhargraniy”) heavily criticized Stalin for his ridiculous purge of the government, which removed or executed capable leaders who would have fared much better at handling crises than their Stalinized counterparts. Moreover, he firmly stated that Lenin, and Marx were leaders; Stalin was a mere dictator.
2. Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet Pact.
Good old Stalin was a paranoid man, knowing that his nation was weak and signs of a coming war were showing with Hitler’s appearance in the scene drove him to seek a form of protection so that the Soviet Union would not be caught unprepared. Thus, he signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany in 1939. Furthermore, he insisted on Britain allying with Russia since Germany was less likely to attack if it was against the powers of the West AND the East. However, Germany broke the pact when it advanced into Russia, only being stopped by the winter and heroic efforts at Stalingrad.
Curious fact: Stalin locked himself in his office for 9 days after news of German attack came (Source: Biography.com)
3. “It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five Year Plan and the issue of famine.
Simplified: bread feeds the peasants who built and operated factories, and Stalin’s five year plan starved them to death. Despite indeed building many factories and smelters around Russia, of what use were they without able workers?
4. Why did Stalin want to Purge the Red Army? Provide me examples of who he targeted and why?
Stalin destroyed any sort of opposition, and the Red Army, his main source of protection would not be saved. He suspected the army would plan to carry out a coup against him, so he chose to purge the Red Army. He arrested and executed those that failed him in their military duties mainly. The pretense behind this was that many Red Army generals and members were collaborating with Germany in order to conduct a coup against Stalin, when they simply were failing. For example, Mikhail Tukhachevsky, one of the Red Army’s top generals was arrested and executed for betrayal to the Motherland.
5. How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik?
ReplyDeleteFirst, Stalin was a simple Bolshevik supporter. He admired their fight against the Tsar, he was eventually arrested and even in prison he kept rallying people for Bolshevism. Moreover, his efforts got him involved with Lenin, to whom he wrote a letter expressing his plans to keep the Mensheviks at bay. What impressed Lenin was that he kept his word, he carried out his plans by himself and lead Lenin to recruit Stalin for his own circle of Bolsheviks.
6. How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy?
Since he had complete control, Stalin set the goal to modernize Russia as quick as possible (and by starving as many as possible apparently). He created the GULAGs along with his Five-Year plans and the collective farm system as a means to industrialize Russia. The collective farms would increase food production which would feed the workers of factories which in turn would modernize the economy and catch Russia up with the rest of the industrialized world. The GULAGs would serve as forced labor camps to speed up the process.
7. Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
Vast majority of Communist Party members were not guilty of the ridiculous charges that were being pressed, they were tortured or threatened into pleading guilty in these “show trials”. For example, Lev Kamenev, and 14 other members were arrested and accused of assassinating Sergey Kirov in order to eventually assassinate Stalin himself. All members accused during this trial were sent for execution. This was all part of Stalin’s plan to purge the Communist Party of old Bolsheviks and replacing them with new members loyal to Stalin.
SOURCES:
http://www.biography.com/people/joseph-stalin-9491723#communist-party-leader
Stalin Packet
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteSamantha Foster
ReplyDeleteIB History
Ms. Noce
1-11-15
1. In his 200 page analysis of Stalin and his actions, Martemyan Ryutin criticized Stalin for his unnecessary use of purging the government in which he believed removed genuine Bolsheviks from the party. Ryutin also criticized Stalin for branching off from Leninism and going off on his own personal whims.
2. Fearing the stirrings of a war, Stalin signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact on August 28th, 1939 in Moscow as means to protect Russia from an attack conducted by Hitler since Russia was ill equipped at the moment. Stalin believed that Hitler would follow through with the terms and agreements of the Nazi-Soviet Pact until Germany had successfully conquered Britain and France. He then calculated that Germany would try to invade Russia the summer of 1942 but some of Stalin’s personal advisers calculated otherwise and argued that Germany’s invasion were more likely to occur a year early.
3.There are many essential things to life but there is one that rises above them all. Food. Food is what gives us as human beings the energy to do the most difficult tasks as well as the most easiest of tasks. The following quote says that the Five Year plan “destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” This statement is true because part of Stalin’s Five Year Plan involved forcing famine upon the peasants who were undoubtedly the food producers or the “bread suppliers” of Russia since they worked endlessly in factories producing food for everyone else. By killing off the peasants, Stalin crippled the agricultural production of Russia.
4. Stalin purged the Red Army in order to rid it from those he thought would try to oppose him. Some historians debate whether or not Stalin had truth to when he said he had evidence of the Red Army forming a military coup against him. Stalin charged several top Red Army commanders,one of them being Mikhail Tukhachevsky, with conspiracy June of 1937. It is believed that commander Tukhachevsky was working as a double agent for Germany to which he was found guilty and was later executed in june 1937. An estimation of 30,000 members were killed in Stalin’s purges.
5. Stalin was incarcerated for 18 months at Kutaisi Prison before being deported to Siberia. His time in prison had led him to become a supporter of Lenin, the leader of the Bolsheviks. Stalin escaped from Siberia and wrote a letter to Lenin in 1904. Highly impressed with his work, Lenin invited Stalin to meet him in Finland. It was then that Stalin had become a devoted Bolshevik.
6. Stalin used his control over Russia to introduce what is known as the Five Year Plan; a policy created with the purpose of modernizing Russia. In 1928, the Five Year Plan’s main focus was on the development on iron,steel, machine tools, electric power, and transport. Stalin “demanded a 110% increase in coal production, 200% increase in iron production and 335% increase in electric power.”(partacus-educational.com). Because these expectations were too high, many workers did not meet the the following targets and were therefore publicly humiliated.
7. Those who were members of the Communist Party were put on trial because they were accused of playing a role in the assassination of Sergey Kirov. Leonid Nikolayev along with many other members of the communist party were sent to execution after their trials.
Works Cited:
http://spartacus-educational.com/RUSstalin.htm
http://spartacus-educational.com/RUSfive.htm
Germairy Roman
ReplyDeleteMs. Noce
IB History 12
1/11/15
1. Why did Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joseph Stalin? Ryutin does not like Stalin at all and his angst towards Stalin was realized Ryutin attacked him. Basically, Ryutin states that Stalin did nothing to help the working-class people. He also criticized Stalin because of the problems concerning the Soviet Union. Ryutin feels that Stalin's name should not be alongside Marx, Engels, and Lenin. He says this because he dislikes Stalin and the aforementioned people are better than him. He states that Lenin was a leader but Stalin
was a dictator.
2. Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet Pact. The Nazi-Soviet Pact all started because Stalin felt that Germany was going to invade Russia. Stalin felt that if Russia was to make an anti fascist alliance with western countries, then Hitler would not start a war against Europe. Neville Chamberlain, who was the British prime minister, said that he was not excited about the idea of creating an alliance with Russia. He feels that Russia can not maintain an alliance and he does not trust Russia's plans.not everyone was against Russia because Winston Churchill agreed with Stalin. Since Britain declined Russia's request for an anti fascist alliance, Stalin thought that Britain was plotting something with Germany. Stalin knew that Russia and Germany were going to war sooner or later. Stalin wanted more time to prepare Russia for war and convincing Hitler to sign a peace treaty would buy him more time.
3. “It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five Year Plan and the issue of famine. I think this quote is saying that food is what keeps the workers working. If workers are not being fed, they will eventually die and not be able to work in factories or any other line of work. In Stalin's first Five Year Plan, he wanted to over work people by trying to create rapid industrialization. The workers were not being treated very fair so that would prevent them from working. Workers were unable to eat because of famine and that causes work to be incomplete. Food is needed to keep people going.
4.Why did Stalin want to Purge the Red Army? Provide me examples of who he targeted and why? Stalin wanted to purge the Red Army because he did not trust it whatsoever. It was stated by some historians that Stalin knew that the army was planning a military coup. A military coup is a horrible thing. It contains violence and taking illegal control from a government. Leopold Trepper, who was the head of the Soviet spy ring in Germany, had a theory. He believed that the evidence of a military coup was exposed by a double agent who worked for Stalin and Hitler. Stalin also believed that the army was trying to overthrow him. Mikhali Tukhachevsky was charged with conspiracy in June 1937, along with seven other too commanders. Stalin was believed that Tukhachevsky was spying for Germany. Stalin mainly targeted Tukhachevsky because he was suspicious of Tukhachevsky working working with Germany. Tukhachevsky was then found guilty on June 11, 1937. 30,000 members of the armed forces were killed. Although that is just an estimation, that is a huge number.
5.How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik? Stalin supported the Bolsheviks and not the Mensheviks. He supports the ideas of Lenin and not those of Martov. While Stalin was in prison, he gave Lenin his support. When Stalin escaped from Siberia, he wrote a letter to Lenin. The letter was a positive one and it states that Stalin had been wanting to speak with Lenin for a long time. Stalin was unable to contact lenient due to him being in jail. Lenin and Stalin finally met in Finland in December 1905. That is when Stalin became a committed Bolshevik.
ReplyDelete6.How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy? Stalin introduced the first Five Year Plan in 1928. The plan focused on the development of iron and steel, machine tools, electric power and transport. Stalin was setting the expectations and targets too high for the workers. He also wanted a 111% increase in coal production, 200% increase in iron production, and 335% increase in electric power. Stalin said that if rapid industrialization did not happen, then the Soviet Union would be unable to defend itself against invasion especially against capitalist countries located in the west.
7. Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
Martemyan Ryutin was arrested on September 22, 1932. It was discovered that Ryutin was opposed to Stalin's policies. Ryutin was expelled from the communist party along with his supporters. Ryutin was also guilty of being an "enemy of the people" and his prison sentence was 10 years. Ryutin and his two sons, Vassily and Vissarion, were executed later on. Gregory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev were also expelled from the communist party. Nickolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov, Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Krestinsky, and Christian Rakovsky were accused of plotting against Stalin along with Leon Trotsky. They were all arrested. They were found guilty and executed. In January 1937, Yuri Piatakov, Karl Radek, Grigori Sokolnikov, and fifteen other members of the communist party were also put on trial. They were accussed of trying to overthrow the Soviet government because they were trying to restore capitalism. It was said that they were also plotting with Leon Trotsky.
Work Cited - Stalin Packet
Why did Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joseph Stalin?
ReplyDelete- One of the big reasons to why Martemyan Ryutin criticized Joseph Stalin was because the excessive use of his purging government. Ryutin also criticized Stalin for removing people who could have been leaders to Russia. He did not think Stalin was capable of governing Russia, he simply seen him as a dictator not a leader.
Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet Pact.
- This Pact was made around the time when it seemed likely that war was about to occur. Stalin did not want war with Germany knowing how weak Russia was at the moment so he tried to make an alliance with Hitler. This “Nazi-Soviet Pact” was so that Germany and Russia were not to attack one another if war was to break (making them neutral). Even though Stalin knew that Germany facing wars from the East and West would become overwhelming, he still was a little paranoid so the “Nazi-Soviet Pact” was signed in 1939. Later a couple years after, Germany still ended up invading Russia.
“It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five-Year Plan and the issue of famine.
- I believe what this quote is saying, that bread (food) gave people the power to work in factories and make things work properly so the Five-Year Plan sort of forced famine on the people of Russia – who produced the food in some way because there were a lot of farms in Russia – and this caused the bread suppliers in Russia to be destroyed because if no one is producing food, then how are people going to supply nothing.
Why did Stalin want to purge the Red Army? Provide examples of who he targeted and why?
- Stalin had purged the Red Army because he was trying to get rid of those he’d think oppose him. It was said the Red Army was forming a military coup against him so this was one of the reasons he was trying to get rid of them. He charged the people on the top of the Red Army. Some of them were executed for said to be working with Germany against Stalin and it was also said that up to 30,000 people were killed in the purges.
How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik?
- Stalin liked Bolshevik’s work, he was a supporter. When Stalin was arrested he had wrote to Lenin plans helping out in the fight against the Tsar and it impressed Lenin because Stalin kept his word. Showing this type of determination is what had led him to become a committed Bolshevik.
How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy?
- Russia was not advanced like all the other countries. It was behind and Stalin had plans of revolutionizing Russia when he was in power (Five-Year Plan). Even the collective farm system was a way he was planning to catch up and modernize the Russian economy. There were labor camps that were used to help speed this process up.
Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
- A lot of members were put on trial from the communist party because they were accused of having something to do with the assassination of Krov. They were put through a series of attempts to get them (Leonid Nikolayev and Lev Kamenev) to confess of the murder but they refused each time. After several tries and different methods to get them to confess, they finally began cooperating. Stalin had them and the other 14 men executed.
Junior Fanfan
ReplyDeleteMs.Noce
IB History
January 11,2015
1. Why did Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joesph Stalin because he felt that he could not live up to the right to be leader or dictator like Lenin was. For example " Ryutin then went into making a very personal attack on Stalin:" to place the names of Stalin alongside the names of Marx, Engels, and Linen means to mock at Marx, Engels, and Lenin." Ryutin said that Stalins name makes fun of all the leaders that came before him. Also Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joesph Stalin because he removed capable leaders who would have fared much better at handling crises.
2. Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet pact?
The Nazi-Soviet Pact was to form an anti-fascist alliance with countries in the west. Stalin knew that Hitler would not start a war with Europe which was all united. But countries were scared to join Stalin pact for example " I must confess to the most profound distrust of Russia. I have no belief whatever in her ability to maintain an effective offensive, even if she wanted to. Than Stalin signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany in 1939.
3.“It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five Year Plan and the issue of famine.
The bread is talking about the peasants that lived in Russia and worked in the factories. When the five year plan came into place the government took all the food from the peasants and they started dying of starvation. The peasants also became broke and lost their homes because they were not capable of going to work.
4.Why did Stalin want to Purge the Red Army? Provide me examples of who he targeted and why
Joesph Stalin wanted to purge the red army because he felt that they were not to be trusted and he had evidence that the army was planning something. For example " he claimed that he had evidence that the army was planning a military coup at this time. Stalin targeted Mikhail Tukhachevsky he was one of of the top 8 commanders of the red army that was charged with "conspiracy with Germany" Tukhachevsky was than executed for betraying Stalin.
5. How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik?
Stalin was a supporter of the Bolsheviks at first. He went to jail and even when he was in jail he was still a supporter and got more people to support them as well. While Stalin was in jail he wrote letters to Lenin talking about how he wants to keep the Mensheviks away and when he got out he made that happened. That really impressed Lenin and that's when he asked Stalin to join a group that would work with the Bolsheviks.
6. How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy?
Stalin helped Russia with the five year plan. He helped the development of iron and steel. He also increased the electrical power by 335%. Stalin had a feeling that if industrialization didn't happen than Russia was not ready for the future or any wars that came with it.
7. Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
People in the communist party was put on trail because they felt they had something to do with the assassination of Sergey Kirov. After the trial was over Leonid Nikolayev and other members were executed.
Work cited:
Joesph Stalin packet
Dinia Clairveaux
ReplyDeleteMs. Noce
IB History
1/11/15
Joseph Stalin ( part one )
1. Why did Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joseph Stalin?
Martemyan Ryutin criticize Stalin because he strongly, hated and despised they way Stalin had turn from a follower of Lenin to a dictator. He said that Stalin isn't a leader and Lenin was. Ryutin most of all despised the policies that Stalin had created and in forced. He said that they were resulting into violence and are killing the cause of socialism. Ryutin felt that Stalin was just an an overpowering, inexperienced dictator that would do whatever it take to stay in power and enforced his policies.Due to the fact that Stalin had driven out the “great leaders”.
2.Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet Pact.
The Nazi-Soviet pact was created between Russia and Germany because Stalin was afraid that Hitler would come to invade Russia and that war was inevitable. Britain had rejected Stalin offer of alliance because Neville Chamberlain did not trust Russia and Stalin’s intentions because Russia was under a dictatorship which undergoes Britain's meaning of liberty. So Stalin was left to try and created an alliance with Hitler. He thought if there was a treaty between the Russia and Germany it would slow down the war that was to happen between them. Instead of having Hitler attack the Eastern Europe first he would attack the west giving Stalin more time to conjure up an army to be ready for the war and also imperialize a little it self and attain the land that Russia lost like Finland.
3.“It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five Year Plan and the issue of famine.
This quote is basically saying that bread represents the peasants and they are the ones that work in the factories and the way that they are being treated starved by the government, the Five Year Plan that Stalin had created is killing the peasants. They are facing harsh working conditions, lack of sleep, medical attention and food. The Five Year Plan is killing The workers which means that Russia”s economy will fall behind because there won’t be any workers left to work in the way things are going with the Famine.
4.Why did Stalin want to Purge the Red Army? Provide me examples of who he targeted and why?
Stalin wanted to Purge the Red Army because he thought that the Red Army was plotting to overthrow him. Stain had the suspicion that some of the army officers were double agents working for him and Germany. But it was all lies, which Stalin wasn't aware of. He had received many letters of conversation between the Red Army and Germany that had supported the as proof of the conspiracy. But little did he know that all the letters were forged. they it was a method to get him to kill of him best men. And Germany’s plan worked like a charm Stalin killed over 30000 the Red Army. Seven of the top commanders were accused and were charged even Mikhail Tukhachevsky. He was executed on June 11th 1937. After that massacre Stalin went and targeted witness of his crimes. Mikhail Frinovsky was killed in Stalin office due to the injection of poison. His Death was covered and was said he died of a heart attack.
ReplyDelete5.How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik?
Stalin became a committed Bolshevik when he was invited to meet Lenin in Finland. Stalin had never seen Lenin before so he had a perspective on what Lenin would look like he “he was expecting a tall self-regarding person” But it turns out he was just like him in appearance. He was intimidated and felt that he was a guy just like him which was better for him due to that he became a committed Bolshevik.
6.How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy?
Stalin had used the method of fear to control Russia from that control he went and created different sets of plans that were called Five Year Plans to modernize Russia’s economy. Stalin went and created a system of collective farms to increase the production of food and other resources for trade so Russia who was behind can caught of to other modernize countries.
7.Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
The members of the communist party Leonid Nikolayev, Lev Kamenev and etc were put on trial because they were accused of assassinating Kirov and were planning to also come after Stalin. But the men denied the murder throughout all the torture that was inflicted upon them. And only gave in when they children were threaten to get charged and executed in there place. they confessed and were killed along with all the witnesses of the trail to cover the tracks of any exposure that can be used against Stalin.
Source: Stalin packet
Mu Ying Yu
ReplyDeleteIB World History 12
Ms. Noce
January 11, 2015
1. Why did Martemyan Ryutin criticize Joseph Stalin?
-- Martemyan Ryutin critized Joseph Stalin because they dislike each other and disagree what they had done. For example, in the government, Stalin removed several powerful leaders. Ryutin also criticize Stalin because Stalin did nothing to help middle-class people as a leader of the country.
2. Describe in detail the Nazi-Soviet Pact.
-- At the time, Russia was weak and Stalin don't want Russia caught unpreparely and want protection under strong country. First, Stalin signed a non-aggression pact with Germany. Later, they both signed Nazi-Soviet Pact. The Nazi-Soviet Pact was a acceptance sign between Germany and Russia that no fight in ten years. It attached with a economic agreement that Germany will exchange manufactured goods with Russia's raw materials. The pact did not last long, two years later Germany occupy Russia.
3. “It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia.” Interpret this quote in relation to Stalin’s Five Year Plan and the issue of famine.
-- I think the quote means that food is a very significant thing to human because it keeps you alive and provide you energy to work. Without food, human will die and therefore no people work for the factories. Stalin's Five Year Plan mainly focused on industrialization and therefore need a lot of workers to work in factories. The good thing is people got a job but it treated workers unequal and the condition is bad. In the main time, famine happened and caused workers unable to complete their daily works and no food to fed the workers. Without food, workers will not had energy to work for the factories and caused economy to fall.
4. Why did Stalin want to Purge the Red Army? Provide me examples of who he targeted and why?
-- Stalin wanted to Purge the Red Army because he wanted to get rid off any opposition against him. Stalin heard that the Red Army is planing military coup. Stalin had evidence showing that the Red Army had connection with Germany and proof that the coup is true. But he did not know that all evidence was fake. Therefore, Stalin believed the evidence and killed many Red Army. Mikhali Turhachevsky was one of the seven commanders who charged with conspiracy. Stalin targeted Mikhali because he believed Mikhali was spy sent from Germany. Mikhali got killed in Stalin's office.
5. How did Stalin become a committed Bolshevik?
ReplyDelete-- Stalin became a committed Bolshevik by supporting Lenin during his prison time at Kutaisi and by the way Lenin was leader of Bolshevik. After Stalin out of prison, Lenin invited Stalin to meet in Finland. When Stalin saw Lenin, Stalin felt they both look like each other. That's was the time Stalin committed Bolshevik.
6. How did Stalin use his control over the country to modernize the economy?
-- Stalin used his control over the country to modernize the economy by creating the Five Year Plan to rise Russia's economy. The plan focused on steel, iron, transport, electric power and machine tools. In the main time, Stalin set a goal but the goal was too high and workers fail to meet the goal. Another system was collective farms that helps Russia's economy by increasing farm production that help on foreign trade.
7. Why were members of the Communist party put on trial? Describe this event in detail. Did all party members receive the same sentence? Explain.
-- The members of the Communist party were put on trail because they accused of assassinating Kirov and also plan to come at Stalin too. All party members received the same sentence, they all sent to execution after their trails and the people who witnessed the trail also sent to death because Stalin don't want people to use these as a threat against him. Stalin is preventing anything that will go against him.
Work Cited:
-- Joseph Stalin Packet
Erick Volquez
ReplyDeleteIB History 12
Ms.Noce
Joseph Stalin
1. According to the information in history in time, in the early 1930’s Martemyan Ryutin took time to analyze Stalin and write a full 200 page analyzis on his work in politics and his dictatorial ways. Some words that Ryutin shared in this analysis was simply based of what affect Stalin’s dictatorship were bringing the country to ruins. He takes the time to compare how the country was with Lenin and his ideals of Leninism and how Stalin had broken this governmental structure. Besides the Famine and the deaths that happened every day in the Soviet, Stalin was looked down from Ryutin; he even said that comparing Stalin to Marx, Engels and Lenin was a mock. Ryutin was simply not happy with what Stalin had done with the name of communism and of course he felt alone speaking out because at the end of the day, anyone who opposed Stalin would be killed.
2. The Nazi rising in power in Europe, Stalin began to feel concerned about the Nazi’s trying to take over territory so it was pressure that lead to this union. The Prime Minister shared that he had no trust in Russia, the union of United Europe did not trust Russia; so this was another push for Stalin to try to form some pact which we would know it would become the Nazi-Soviet Pact. Stalin wanted to make sure that if in any case Hitler would try to change Europe, it wouldn’t affect people from the Soviet and there wouldn’t be another war and or invasion. Stalin knew that Hitler wasn’t going to the be the leader to fight a war from two fronts and since the Countries of the Western Europe had trouble; Stalin thought to form a peace treaty (temporary) so that it would give him time to arm up his men just in case Hitler changed his mind after to attack the Soviet Union.
3. “It is bread that makes factory wheels go round, and the Five-Year Plan has destroyed the bread-supplier of Russia”. This quote relates greatly on what the Five year plan was and how it affected Russia. The Five year plan was a plan that Stalin pushed forward where he wanted the country to stop relying on agricultural base and work towards factories of machinery. He ordered these small factories of farmers and farms to be closed and people began to die of hunger. The bread is what ,makes the factory work and without it, there was no money. Without money, how could economy run and if economy couldn’t run, what was going to happen? All of these things affected the country greatly but what’s worst of all is that Stalin processed this for years; even if many were dying, there was no way he was going to re-open these farms to supply bread for Russia. Of course this was an issue that wasn’t going to be solved; even till later when he tried to cover himself.
4. Stalin’s reign was becoming known more through Europe and The Nazi where just not liking it. This purge was full of theories but the one that seems to be more realistic and probably provable would have to be where it is believed that there was a Double agent who worked for both Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin. This agent took advantage of what was going on and put Stalin against his strongest army and execute them. This could have been so that Hitler could have advantage over the Soviet but it could have also been so that Stalin could have been given a pinch so he could wake up and realize what was going on around Europe. Top people like Mikhail Tukhachevsky and seven other top commanders that were executed of the Red Army. He knew that the people that were being targeted were of higher rank and that he needed to make sure to execute them one by one but in a way that wouldn’t be noticeable that he was the one that send a execution to their life.
5. Stalin became a committed Bolshevik during his time in prison; this was when Lenin was still in charge of the country. Reasons why Stalin being in prison went forth with the ideas o a Bolshevik is because he wanted to make sure to have a way to be known in power and wanted to seem to be loyal to Lenin. This eventually led him to be in charge of the soviet Union and be a recognizable leader in this force.
ReplyDelete6. Stalin went with a more revolutionary look for the country and used control over the country by trying to modernize the economy. This plan took action when he brought forward the five year plan. This caused a famine that was never existent; just because he wanted to make sure that there was a leap from agricultural economic status to a modern status of the economy. This wasn’t at all in a way that Lenin would have lead the country bit it was the only thing hat kept people under stains feet which of course it wasn’t that way that he wanted to have but unfortunately; that’s what happened.
7. Due to all the Nazi treats, and espionage, Stalin began to not trust anyone in the country; especially those around him. Members of the Communist party knew Stalin and most of his plans in action. What did this mean? Stail in mid 1920’s threatened the expulsion of several members because there was prove that there was savatage in the party. Stalin always put forward the idea that everyone was replicable so, he didn’t have any problem with having them replaced. Those who were of higher rank; some disappeared, some actually were executed but Lenin wasn’t so aware since Stalin was doing all the dirty work. In the end; those who were in the party were put to trial; some may say in difference but, there was no difference in Stalin’s eyes.
WORK CITED:
-Stalin Packet
William Portorreal
ReplyDeleteIB History
Ms. Noce
1. Martemyan Ryutin criticized Stalin because he believed that Stalin was more of a dictator than a leader in the government and he thought that Stalin wouldn’t be able to govern the Soviet Union. Ryutin also disliked how Stalin purged the government and got rid of the peasants. Ryutin also mentions how he liked Lenin and believed that je was more of a leader who could govern better than Stalin.
2. The Nazi-Soviet pact was made because Stalin knew that if Hitler were to attack the Soviet Union then they wouldn’t be able to resist Germany, so Stalin decided to make a pact with Germany and feel much safer. This pact allied the two countries and Stalin used Germany as protection to be prepared for war.
3. I think the quote means that the five year plan has basically got rid of all the peasants/ farm workers and replaced them with factories. This led to the death of many people and farmers lost their jobs leaving them with no choice but to starve and die. Basically without bread the factories are not going run and since there are no farmers to supply bread the factories can’t run.
4. Stalin purged the red army because he felt that sooner or later they would get rid of him and so to avoid this Stalin took caution. For example if anyone betrayed him or didn’t do what was asked Stalin would kill them because he saw this as an enemy to him. Mikahil Tukhachevsky who was one of the top leaders in the army was killed because he betrayed Stalin and Stalin wasn’t trying to take any risk of getting overthrown or ending up dead.
5. Stalin became a committed Bolshevik by being a huge supporter even when he was in jail. He also showed Lenin that he kept his words by writing him a letter and accomplishing his promises in the letter. Lenin was convinced that Stalin was committed to Bolshevik 100 percent which led Stalin to be in the higher ranks alongside with Lenin.
6. Stalin used his powers to modernize the country with the five year plan and it was created by Stalin to get rid of all the peasants. Stalin got rid of all the farmers and replaced them with factories and killed everyone who refused to stop farming. Stalin basically got rid of all the agricultural jobs and replaced them with modernized jobs to help improved the economy and have a more industrialized country.
7. People of the communist party were arrested and put in trial because they were accused of the murder of Kirov. Leonid Nikolayev, Leon Trotsky, Christian Rakovsky and other members were found guilty of the assassination of Kirov and were also found guilty of trying to Stalin right after, so these men found guilty were executed after because Stalin wasn’t putting up with them.
Works cited: Joseph Stalin packet